20 Copyright © 2018, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Chapter 2 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2960-6.ch002 ABSTRACT This chapter presents the results of a review of research about peer tutoring and peer mentoring in higher education oriented by two fundamental aims. The frst of them, deepen and clarify from the conceptual point of view the peer tutoring and the peer mentoring in the university context and, in second place, to explore and evidence the benefts and the impact that these support modalities has in the light of the results of international investigations. The results show that the benefts of peer collaboration focus on two horizons: academic achievement and human-social development. An integrated approach is needed, for its greater impact for the university student. Finally, some conclusions and some guidelines for future research are proposed. INTRODUCTION The reforms proposed by ministers responsible for education in the member countries of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) focused on curriculum-based changes orientated around standardizing plans, a shared credit transfer system, equal opportunities and student/teacher mobility. However, a decade after the EHEA was created, this focus had significantly changed to methodological innovation and research with the aim of creating, firstly, students capable of responding to the challenges they face as active citizens and future professionals and, secondly, university teachers who improve learning The Benefts of Peer Tutoring and Peer Mentoring in University: A Review of Research Ernesto López-Gómez Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain Celia Camilli-Trujillo Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain