Journal of Coating Science and Technology, 2015, 2, 20-27
20 E-ISSN: 2369-3355/15 © 2015 Lifescience Global
Journal of Coating Science and Technology
http://www.lifescienceglobal.com/journals/journal-of-coating-science-and-technology
Processing, Adhesion and Corrosion-inhibiting Properties of
Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2’-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene],
(MEH-PPV) on Aerospace Aluminum Alloys
Peter Zarras
1,*
, Diane Buhrmaster
2
, John D. Stenger-Smith
1
, Cindy Webber
1
, Nicole Anderson
1
,
Paul A. Goodman
1
, and Matthew C. Davis
1
1
Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD), Polymer Science & Engineering Branch (Code 4L4200D), 1900 N.
Knox Road (Stop 6303), China Lake, CA 93555-6106, USA
2
Air Force Research Laboratory/Logistics Systems Support Branch Coatings Technology Integration Office, UDRI Contactor
Support, Bldg 1661, Rm C-110, Wright-Patterson AFB, University of Dayton Research Institute, Nonstructural Materials Division,
300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469-0054, USA
Abstract: Researchers at the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD) and Wright-
Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) investigated poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene
vinylene], (MEH-PPV) for its potential corrosion-inhibition properties on aerospace aluminum alloy AA2024-
T3. Solution processing of the polymer, as well as adhesion testing and accelerated weathering tests, were
performed on MEH-PPV full military aerospace coatings. Wet and dry tape adhesion testing, as well as
pencil hardness, impact flexibility, and pneumatic adhesion tensile test instrument (PATTI) testing was used
to demonstrate the adhesion performance of MEH-PPV on aluminum substrates. The results showed that
MEH-PPV had acceptable adhesion characteristics when compared to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) based
coatings in all of these tests. Accelerated weathering analysis was performed on MEH-PPV coatings to
determine their corrosion protection and weathering resistance capabilities. These tests included neutral salt
spray (NSS) exposure and xenon-arc lamp testing. The results showed that while MEH-PPV does not
exhibit significant color change after 500 hours of xenon arc lamp exposure, the polymer has poor corrosion
protection performance under aggressive salt environments.
Received on 23-12-2014
Accepted on 13-04-2015
Published on 24-04-2015
Keywords: Poly[2-methoxy-5-
(2’-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-
phenylene vinylene](MEH-
PPV), hexavalent chromium
(Cr(VI)), chromate conversion
coating (CCC), adhesion
testing, pencil hardness,
impact flexibility, accelerated
weathering testing.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2369-3355.2015.02.01.4
1. INTRODUCTION
*
The United States military relies on multi-component
protective coating systems to maintain the operational
readiness of military aircraft. Current high-performance
aerospace coating systems consist of three layers, a
pretreatment, primer, and topcoat. Coatings for the military
center on the use of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in both the
pretreatment and primer layers. The current aerospace
coating has been developed over many years to meet the
strenuous challenges of corrosion, adhesion, and weathering
encountered by military platforms [1, 2].
Chromate conversion coatings (CCC’s) and Cr(VI) primers
are effective at inhibiting corrosion because they can provide
*
NAWCWD, Polymer Science & Engineering Branch (Code 4L4200D), 1900 N.
Knox Road (Stop 6303), China Lake, CA 93555-6106, USA;
Tel: 1-760-939-1396; Fax: 1-760-939-1617; E-mail: peter.zarras@navy.mil
corrosion-inhibition of metals and alloys via a "self-healing"
mechanism. The CCCs and Cr(VI) primers act as a reservoir
of mobile Cr(VI) that is capable of migrating to defects and
inhibiting further corrosion by forming passivating layers on
the metal surface [3-6]. However, Cr(VI) is a known
carcinogen and toxin to humans and the environment [7].
Over the past 25 years, published evidence that electro
active polymers (EAPs), such as polyaniline (PANI), can
inhibit corrosion has come from the pioneering work of
Mengoli [8], DeBerry [9] and MacDiarmid [10]. Mengoli
showed that EAP coatings deposited onto iron anodes by
electro-polymerization of aniline resulted in an adherent and
corrosion inhibiting film. Further work by DeBerry showed that
PANI electrochemically deposited onto stainless steel in
sulfuric acid solution changed the corrosion behavior of the
stainless steel substrate. This work demonstrated that the
PANI film provided anodic protection, thus, maintaining a