energies
Article
Simulation Studies of Control Systems for Doubly Fed
Induction Generator Supplied by the Current Source Converter
Pawel Kroplewski
1
, Marcin Morawiec
1,
* , Andrzej J ˛ aderko
2
and Charles Odeh
3
Citation: Kroplewski, P.; Morawiec,
M.; J ˛ aderko, A.; Odeh, C. Simulation
Studies of Control Systems for
Doubly Fed Induction Generator
Supplied by the Current Source
Converter. Energies 2021, 14, 1511.
https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051511
Academic Editor: Oscar Barambones
Received: 11 January 2021
Accepted: 5 March 2021
Published: 9 March 2021
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4.0/).
1
Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering, Gda ´ nsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gda´ nsk, Poland;
pawel.kroplewski@pg.edu.pl
2
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-201 Cz˛ estochowa, Poland;
aj@el.pcz.czest.pl
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria;
charles.odeh@unn.edu.ng
* Correspondence: marcin.morawiec@pg.edu.pl; Tel.: +48-58-347-1176
Abstract: The control system for a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) supplied by a grid-
connected Current Source Converter (CSC) is presented in this paper. Nonlinear transformation of
DFIG model to the multi-scalar form is proposed. The nonlinear control strategy of active and reactive
power of DFIG is realized by feedback linearization. In the proposed control scheme, the DFIG
model and CSI parameters are included. Two Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers are dedicated for
the control of the respective active and reactive powers. The control variables are the dc-link input
voltage vector and the angular speed of the inverter output current. The proposed control approach
is characterized by satisfactional dynamics and provides enhanced quality of the power transferred
to the grid. In the simulation, evaluation of the characteristic operating states of the generator system,
correctness of the feedback linearization and the dynamics of active and reactive power control loops
are studied. Simulation results are adequately provided.
Keywords: Doubly Fed Induction Generator; wind power generation; current source inverter;
nonlinear control; sensorless control
1. Introduction
The trend in electric power generation distinctly shows a transition from using exclu-
sively large-scale electric power plants based on traditional energy sources (e.g., coal, crude
oil) to renewable energy generation systems, such a solar, hydro, and especially wind farms.
Rapid exhaustion of traditional energy sources results in a hike in fuel prices and gross
level of environmental pollution. These conditions set the direction for the development of
renewable electrical energy sources.
The electromechanical conversion of energy in such systems is carried out either by
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs), Induction Generators (IGs), or Self-
Excited Induction Generators (SEIGs). The main reasons for using Doubly Fed Induction
Generators (DFIGs) as a variable-speed drive for wind turbines are: reduction of stress in
the mechanical structure, acoustic noise reduction, and the possibility to control active and
reactive power. Also, they have been widely adopted in wind energy conversion systems
since the early 1990s because of the advancement and low-cost power electronic converters.
The back-to-back converter in the rotor circuit is rated only to about 30–40% of the nominal
turbine power. To get the maximum efficiency and produced power, the control system
should choose an optimal working point [1,2].
Drive system designs with static power converters (CSIs) were popular in the 1970s
and 1980s [3,4], the operational concept was based on the control ‘angle of advance’. In
these circuits, thyristors were used as power switches. However, they had numerous
disadvantages, such as a complicated auxiliary supply system for thyristor and long
Energies 2021, 14, 1511. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051511 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/energies