E-ISSN 2281-4612
ISSN 2281-3993
Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies
www.richtmann.org
Vol 11 No 2
March 2022
330
.
Research Article
© 2022 Zethembe Mseleku.
This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
Received: 30 November 2021 / Accepted: 11 February 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
From Workplace to Joblessness: The Determinants of Post-Internship
Graduate Unemployment in South Africa
Zethembe Mseleku
Faculty of Humanities,
University of KwaZulu-Natal,
238 Mazisi Kunene Rd, Glenwood,
Durban, 4041, South Africa
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0055
Abstract
One of the pressing concerns for governments and policy makers across the world is youth unemployment.
What is even more devastating is the growing graduate unemployment, particularly in developing countries,
and South Africa is no exception. Graduate unemployment in South Africa continues to increase at an
alarming rate. Without drastic interventions, this socio-economic problem may sadly double in size in the
next decade. Work experience programmes, such as internships, are increasingly supported to address youth
unemployment, particularly among graduates. However, the effectiveness of the current interventions to the
unemployment problem are questionable. This paper draws from the perspectives of 50 participants to
explore the determinants of post-internship graduate unemployment. In particular, this paper adopts the
lenses of mismatch theory of unemployment to explain why young people are vulnerable in the labour market
irrespective of their education and work experience. The examined perspectives revealed that, beyond limited
labour market demand, there is also an increasing “work experience-job mismatch” leading to post-
internship graduate unemployment. Due to the number of factors, including the skills mismatch problem,
the transition from higher education to full-time employment is difficult for many graduates.
Keywords: Education, Employment, Graduate, Graduate unemployment, Internship
1. Introduction
Youth unemployment is a major socio-economic development problem, not only in South Africa, but
across the world (International Labour Organization, 2018; Pastore, 2018; Verd, 2019). Accordingly,
graduate unemployment has increased overtime and consequently put policy makers, governments,
and education institutions under immense pressure (Mohamedbhai, 2015; Pauw et al., 2008; Wu,
2011). Unemployment does not only negatively affect individuals, it also destroys the development
prospects of nations. A growing body of research has demonstrated the negative impact of
unemployment on various aspects of human life and national development (Ahn et al., 2004;
Extremera & Rey, 2016; Jin et al., 1995; Oluwajodu et al., 2015). For instance, Extremera & Rey (2016)
discovered that lack of life satisfaction and happiness were associated with unemployment and,
consequently, the increased suicide risks. It is also evident that unemployment correlates with poor
wellbeing, lack of income, lack of access to health care services and low leisure time (Ahn et al.,