Eur Urol Suppl 2011;10(2):291 differentiation markers was signifcantly higher in comparison to the control (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells without conditioned media supplementation). The expression of sarcomeric actin and myogenin was comparable to normal skeletal muscle cells. Skeletal muscle markers as well as polyploid cells formation were observed in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells when co-cultured with normal skeletal muscle cells. Conclusions: Transdifferentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into skeletal muscle cells can be evoked by growth factors released by neighboring cells building rhabdosphincter. 927 withdrawn 928 Contribution of bone Marrow derived stroMal Cells to the regeneration of the bladder after Partial outlet obstruCtion Kanno Y., Mitsui T., Sano H., Moriya K., Tanaka H., Nonomura K. Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Dept. of Urology, Sapporo, Japan introduction & objectives: In animal models of partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO), many experimental studies demonstrated ischemia and hypoxia induce signifcant bladder dysfunction. We previously revealed that the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 induced by PBOO with ischemia/hypoxia is implicated in homing of bone marrow derived stem cells (BMCs) into the bladder. In the present study, we investigated the contributions of BMCs to the regeneration of the bladder with PBOO. Materials & Methods: The surgery of PBOO or Sham under anesthesia was performed at 6 weeks after allogenic bone marrow transplants from transgenic rats expressing green fuorescent protein (GFP) into lethally irradiated female Sprague-Dawley rats. The bladder was exposed on Week 6 and bladder tissue immunofuorescence was performed with antibodies against uroepithelium maker (AE1/AE3), myofbroblast marker (Vimentin), smooth muscle marker (SMA), and GFP. results: BMCs were accumulated more in the PBOO bladder compared to Sham. Most BMCs were accumulated around the basement membrane and interstitial tissue below the uroepithelium. BMCs were also found in the uroepithelium layer and some of those were double stained with GFP and AE1/AE3. Some BMCs, which were located in the interstitial tissue, were double-stained with GFP and Vimentin. BMCs, which were migrated into the smooth muscle layer, showed fusiform morphologically and some of them were double-stained with GFP and SMA. Conclusions: BMCs were homed into the PBOO bladder, and those cells have potential to differentiate into the several components of bladder tissue such as the uroepithelium cells, the myofbroblast cells, and smooth muscle cells in the bladder with PBOO. Thus, BMCs contribute to the regeneration of the PBOO bladder. 929 the effeCt of sCaffold restraint on the ProPerties of tissue engineered Prostheses being develoPed for use in stress urinary inContinenCe (sui) and PelviC organ ProlaPse (PoP) Mangera A. 1 , Bullock A.J. 2 , Macneil S. 2 , Chapple C.R. 3 1 Sheffeld Teaching Hospitals/ University of Sheffeld, Dept. of Urology/Tissue Engineering, Sheffeld, United Kingdom, 2 University of Sheffeld, Dept. of Tissue Engineering, Sheffeld, United Kingdom, 3 Sheffeld Teaching Hospitals, Dept. of Urology, Sheffeld, United Kingdom introduction & objectives: SUI and POP affect nearly 40% of women and cause signifcant interference with quality of life. Many types of synthetic & biological materials have been used to improve results of surgery, but none has so far been recommended in routine clinical practice. We have previously described the production of living autologous tissue engineered prostheses using a PLA scaffold. We aimed to assess four different scaffold materials cultured in restrained and unrestrained conditions for their ability to support cells, lead to collagen production and develop tissue with the appropriate biomechanical properties. Materials & Methods: Tissue engineered prostheses (TEP) were made from stromal fbroblasts, obtained from oral mucosal biopsies, cultured in DMEM media on one of four scaffolds; cadaveric dermis (CD), polypropylene (PPL), small intestinal submucosa (SIS), and thermoannealed Poly(L)lactic acid (Th PLA). We tested both restrained and unrestrained scaffolds. Using AlamarBlue (a vital stain) & DAPI (a nuclear stain) we observed cell attachment to TEP. We assessed the effect of fbroblast addition on scaffold contraction using serial photographs over 2 weeks. We also assessed the biomechanical properties of the TEP involving ultimate tensile strength, strain & Young’s modulus of elasticity using a Bose electroforce instrument. Finally we measured the amount of collagen produced by our TEP using Sirius red staining. results: From the four scaffolds, cells on SIS had the best cellular activity, followed by Th PLA and CD. Polypropylene did not support cells except when restrained. Restraint improved the activity of cells only on Th PLA but also decreased the Young’s modulus. Unrestrained scaffolds contracted by 16% except PPL. The mechanical properties of Th PLA, SIS and restrained CD were closest to native tissue (Table 1). Collagen production was highest on Th PLA and SIS scaffolds. Scaffold CD PPL SIS Th PLA Restraint? Y N Y N Y N Y N Cell activity ++ ++ ++ +/- +++ +++ ++ + Contraction 2.4% 17.6% 0.45% 1.18% -0.87% 15.4% 3.78% 14.1% Collagen ++ ++ + + +++ +++ +++ +++ Ultimate tensile strength +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ +++ +++ Ultimate strain +++ ++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Young’s modulus ++ ++ ++ ++ +++ +++ ++ +++ Table 1. Summary of all materials with and without restraint, +++ for best material, ++ for materials if signifcantly different (p>0.05) from 1 st material (using unpaired T-test), + for next material > p=0.05, followed by +/- for next signifcantly different material. Conclusions: We have found SIS and Th PLA scaffolds to be frontrunners for creating an autologous tissue engineered prosthesis with good cell adhesion, mechanical properties and collagen production. We did not fnd scaffold restraint under static conditions to confer any signifcant advantage on tissue development. Work is now concentrated upon developing these scaffolds further under dynamic conditions. 930 tt PolyMorPhisM in rs 2165241 region and CC PolyMorPhisM in rs 3825942 region in lysyl oxidase like-1 (lox-l1) gene May Play a role in stress urinary inContinenCe PathoPhysiology Ozbek E. 1 , Ozcan L. 1 , Polat E. 1 , Otunctemur A. 1 , Ermence Z. 2 , Ustek D. 2 1 Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Dept. of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey, 2 Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Dept. of Experimental and Medical Research, Istanbul, Turkey introduction & objectives: LOX-L1(-/-) female rats was shown to have similar changes to pelvic foor dysfunction with women. In this study, we investigated the LOX-L1 gene polymorphism which has an important role in connective tissue and collagenous metabolism in SUI (stress urinary incontinence). Materials & Methods: 87 (47-59 years old) females with SUI who made normal vaginal delivery and 87 (41-60 years old) females as a control group were chosen for the study. Using PCR, SNP in Rs1048661, G>T; Rs3825942, C>T and Rs2165241, C>T, regions were studied. Results were compared statistically with 3*2 chi-square test as alleles. results: 21 (42%) out of 50 SUI patients with good quality DNA for PCR GG, 9 (18%) out of 50 GT, 20 (40%) TT; 32 out of 87 control (36.7%) GG, 34 (39.08%) GT, 21 (24.1%) GT polimorphisms were found in Rs1048661. 63 (72.4%), 21 (24.1%) and 3 (3.4%) patients out of 87 were found as CC,CT,TT respectively; 48 (65.7%) out of 73 patients in control group were found as CC, also 22 control patients had CT and 3 more had TT polimorphisms. In Rs2165241 region, 30 out of 83 patients (36.1%) had CC, 16 (19.2%) patients had CT and 37(44.5%) patients had TT polimorphisms. In the control group 41 out of 69 patients (59.4%) had CC, 15(21.7%) patients had CT and 13(18.8%) patients had TT polimorphisms . Patients with SUI had elevated Rs3825942 region homozygote CC and Rs2165241 region homozygote TT polimorphism compared to the control group. Conclusions: CC polimorphism in LOX-L1 gene’s Rs3825942 region and homozygote TT polimorphism in Rs2165241 region may show that there is a role of LOX-L1 gene in SUI physiopathology. Keywords: Lysyl oxidase like 1 gene, stress urinary incontinence. 931 in vitro funCtional resPonses of isolated huMan urethral tissue to PhosPhodiesterase (Pde) inhibitors Kedia G.T. 1 , Sonnenberg J.E. 2 , Kuczyk M.A. 1 , Ückert S. 1 1 Hanover Medical School, Division of Surgery, Dept. of Urology & Urological Oncology, Hanover, Germany, 2 Institute for Biochemical Research & Analysis, Urological Research Unit, Hanover, Germany introduction & objectives: The smooth musculature of the urethra is considered to contribute to the mechanism of urinary continence and the control of micturition in both sexes. It has been supposed that nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic GMP produce inhibitory signals to reduce the resistance of the bladder outlet and urethra during the micturition phase. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE-Is) on the tension induced by adrenergic stimulation of isolated human urethral tissue. The effects of the drugs on the production of cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP were also studied. Materials & Methods: Urethral tissue was obtained from 18 male patients (mean