Economic Horizons, January - April 2015, Volume 17, Number 1, 45 - 58 © Faculty of Economics, University of Kragujevac
UDC: 33 eISSN 2217-9232 www. ekfak.kg.ac.rs
Original scientific paper
UDC: 005.21:005.336.1(497.11)
doi: 10.5937/ekonhor1501045T
INTRODUCTION
All decisions of a company can be classified into three
categories: strategic, tactical and operational. Strategic
decisions concern the business portfolio, the level
of the vertical integration and markets in which the
company will run its bu–sinesses. Tactical decisions
relate to investment projects (i.e. capital budgeting)
that implement a pre-formulated strategy. Operational
decisions are made in daily operations for the purpose
of the implementation of approved projects and
business plans. The ultimate criterion in all decisions
should be the maximization of the company value.
In a simplified interpretation, all decisions should be
directed toward improving a company’s performance.
In order to improve performance, it is necessary to
choose the measures or metrics that will credibly
indicate the level of its achievement. Hence the great
importance of performance measures - since what
PRACTICES OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT IN
COMPANIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Miroslav Todorovic*, Djordje Kalicanin and Aleksandra Nojkovic
Faculty of Economics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, the Republic of Serbia
A large number of acronyms which indicate different performance metrics, such as EBIT (Earnings Before
Interest And Taxes), EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, And Amortization), ROIC
(Return On Invested Capital), NPV (Net Present Value), EVA (Economic Value Added), IRR (Internal Rate Of
Return), ROE (Return On Equity), ROA (Return On Assets) etc. are in use nowadays. In practice, managers
cannot and do not want to apply all of these metrics and managers’ choice does not necessarily rely on
what theory emphasizes as their advantages and disadvantages. We surveyed 64 CFOs in order to explore
the corporate practice in the Republic of Serbia. The DCF-based capital budgeting metrics are dominant
compared to the traditional metrics, and the one that is used the most is the profitability index, only to be
followed by the IRR and the NPV. The Payback Period is yet frequently used. The earnings-based corporate
performance metrics are still the most important. However, the presence of EVA and balanced scorecard is
not negligible. Large companies use them significantly more than small companies. The orientation towards
EVA and balanced scorecard increases with the internationalization of a firm as well. Finally, companies
using sophisticated capital budgeting metrics are prone to using sophisticated corporate performance
metrics.
Keywords: performance measurement, capital budgeting metrics, corporate performance metrics
JEL Classification: G31, M21
* Correspondence to: M. Todorovic, Faculty of Economics,
University of Belgrade, Kamenicka 6, 11000 Belgrade, the
Republic of Serbia; e-mail: todorovic@ekof.bg.ac.rs