Interference Analysis of Interleaved and Localized
Mapping Schemes in OFDMA System with Carrier
Frequency Offset
Bilal Ranjha
1
, M. I. Sakib Chowdhury
2
(Student member IEEE), Mohsen Kavehrad
3
(FIEEE)
1,2,3
Center for Information and Communications Technology Research (CICTR)
Department of Electrical Engineering
The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
{
1
bar5254,
2
mqc5285,
3
mkavehrad}@psu.edu
Abstract—In this paper, we analyze the effect of Carrier
Frequency Offset (CFO) of multiple users on the SINR of a
single user in OFDMA based uplink communication receiver.
We have computed an explicit SINR expression for two types
of mapping strategies used in uplink OFDMA systems namely
Interleaved Frequency Division Multiple Access (IFDMA) and
Localized Frequency Division Multiple Access (LFDMA). SINR
expressions in case of carrier frequency offset correction are also
computed. Using simulations, we have compared the total average
interference due to different values of CFO’s of multiple users
for both mapping schemes. Simulation results also show that the
average value of Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) for localized
mapping is higher than interleaved mapping while the average
value of Multiuser Interference (MUI) is higher for interleaved
mapping. Moreover, the average MUI for localized mapping is
minimum at the center of the band and it increases as we move
towards the band edges. We also observe a flat response for ICI
and MUI for interleaved mapping.
Index Terms—Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
(OFDMA), Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO).
I. I NTRODUCTION
In modern wireless communication system, Orthogonal Fre-
quency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) [1] has been the most
popular and dominant modulation scheme due to its resistance
to Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) caused by multipath fading
channels. Because of its high spectral efficiency and ease of
implementation using FFT/IFFT, OFDM is also considered
as an efficient multiplexing scheme commonly known as
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA).
Because of these advantages, OFDMA system has been chosen
as a multiplexing scheme for future wireless communication
systems especially in 4G LTE [2].
In order to multiplex data from different users using
OFDMA, several mapping strategies have been proposed.
These include Interleaved and Localized mapping. In inter-
leaved FDMA, each user is assigned subcarriers that are
uniformly distributed across the whole bandwidth. However
in the localized FDMA, each user is allocated a block of
contiguous subcarriers for a given time [3].
One of the main disadvantages of OFDM system is its high
sensitivity to the carrier frequency offset [4]. This is due to
the fact that in OFDM, the separation between each subcar-
rier’s center frequency is the minimum required to achieve
orhogonality. This is where OFDMA differs with conventional
multiplexing schemes. In traditional frequency multiplexing
schemes, each user is assigned a separate band that is not
overlapping with other bands allocated to other users. In
contrast, OFDMA allocates each user different subcarriers
that have overlapping spectrum except at the center frequency
and the separation between the center frequencies is such
that it satisfies minimum distance required for orthogonality.
Due to CFO, this minimum separation is disturbed and all
the subcarrier’s spectrum overlap at the subcarrier center
frequencies. This causes interference and as a result degrades
the SNR. This CFO can occur due to several reasons. It may
be due to the relative motion of the receiver or due to the
mismatch of the local oscillator frequency at the receiver.
Sometimes it is possible to estimate the carrier frequency
offset at the receiver and then apply it to the received signal
to compensate for the offset. In this case, the interference
caused by the subcarriers of the desired user will vanish but as
we see in this paper, interference from other users caused by
their CFO still exists. This is another disadvantage of OFDMA
system where we have to pay the price for carrier frequency
offsets of other users.
In this paper we determine an exact SINR expression for
OFDMA based system in the presence of CFO. We find
analytical expressions for both IFDMA and LFDMA. SINR
expression in presence of Carrier Frequecny Offset Correction
(CFOC) is also found as a special case. In our derivation, we
will follow the approach used in [5].
This paper is organized as follows. Section I presents the
OFDMA system model and describes various system and
signal parameters. Section II discusses the mapping strategies
proposed for OFDMA. Section III shows the calculation of
SINR in the presence of CFO. In Section IV, we show calcu-
lation of SINR when we apply CFO compensation. Section V
will present simulation results and discussion and will follow
with section VI which gives the conclusion.
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