97 97 International Journal of Scientifc Study | November 2017 | Vol 5 | Issue 8 Use of Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in A Level II Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Descriptive Study Hima Bindu Singh 1 , Usha Rani Hasthi 2 , Neetika Ashwani 3 , Namala Bharadwaj 2 , Suguna Chejeti 2 1 Professor and Head, Department of Neonatology, Niloufer Hospital, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, 2 DM Resident, Department of Neonatology, Niloufer Hospital, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, 3 Medical Offcer, Department of Neonatology , Special Newborn Care Unit, Niloufer Hospital, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India (CPAP) and avoidance of mechanical ventilation. [1] Bubble CPAP (BCPAP) prevents alveolar collapse, ensures gas exchange throughout the respiratory cycle and allows lung infation to be maintained. Preterm infant with mild or moderate hyaline membrane disease or with mild apnea of prematurity can be managed with CPAP. [2] However, CPAP has also been used to treat infants with other respiratory disorders including transient tachypnea of the newborn, meconium aspiration syndrome, primary pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary hemorrhage, and patent ductus arteriosus. [3] BCPAP is also a less expensive method of respiratory support, most suitable to neonatal units with limited resources in developing countries. [4] The present study was undertaken to assess the outcome INTRODUCTION Respiratory illness is one of the most common causes of neonatal admissions and deaths in the developing world. An effective way to reduce the incidence of chronic lung injury is the use of continuous positive airway pressure Original Article Abstract Background: Respiratory distress (RD) is an important cause of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, which frequently requires respiratory support. Invasive mechanical ventilation is accompanied by many short-term complications and the long-term risk of chronic lung injury. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), being noninvasive, is an effective mean of providing respiratory support and thereby reduces the mortality and morbidity in neonates. Objective: To assess the effcacy of bubble CPAP (BCPAP) on immediate outcome of preterm and term neonates with mild to moderate RD in a Level II neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a tertiary care Government Hospital, Hyderabad, India. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study was conducted at Level II NICU, Department of Neonatology, Niloufer Hospital from January to June 2016. All admitted neonates of gestational age >28 weeks with mild to moderate RD requiring BCPAP were included in the study. Results: The total number of babies presenting with RD during the study period was 393. A total of 115 patients were put on BCPAP. The mean gestational age of the study population was 32.37 ± 3.42 weeks. The mean birth weight was 1.65 ± 0.610 kg. 71 were males (61.7%) and 44 were females (38.2%). Inborn babies were 25 (21.7%) and outborn babies were 90 (78.2%). The most common reason for starting CPAP was RD syndrome (76.5%), followed by pneumonia (12.1%). Out of 115 neonates placed on BCPAP, 63 (54.7%) were managed on BCPAP alone and were weaned successfully while 52 babies (45.3%) required mechanical ventilation and were considered in failure group. The success rate was better seen in inborn babies (60%; 15 out of 25) than outborn babies (53%; 48 out of 90). Conclusion: BCPAP is useful in a tertiary care hospital where human resources are defcit. Availability of more CPAP facilities in peripheral hospitals can further improve the incidence of mortality and morbidity by decreasing the delayed referrals. Key words: Bubble continuous positive airway pressure, Mortality, Preterm, Respiratory distress, Success, Term infants Access this article online www.ijss-sn.com Month of Submission : 09-2017 Month of Peer Review : 10-2017 Month of Acceptance : 10-2017 Month of Publishing : 11-2017 Corresponding Author: Dr. Hima Bindu Singh, Department of Neonatology, Plot 75, Sirimalle Nagar, Attapur, Hyderabad - 500048, Telangana, India. Phone: +91-9849024007. E-mail: dr.himabindusingh@gmail.com Print ISSN: 2321-6379 Online ISSN: 2321-595X DOI: 10.17354/ijss/2017/527