Research Article Performance, Emission, Energy, and Exergy Analysis of a C.I. Engine Using Mahua Biodiesel Blends with Diesel Nabnit Panigrahi, 1 Mahendra Kumar Mohanty, 2 Sruti Ranjan Mishra, 3 and Ramesh Chandra Mohanty 4 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar 752054, India 2 College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar 751003, India 3 Department of Chemistry, C.V. Raman College of Engineering, Janla, Bhubaneswar 752054, India 4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda 752050, India Correspondence should be addressed to Nabnit Panigrahi; nabnit panigrahi@yahoo.com Received 30 March 2014; Revised 26 July 2014; Accepted 9 August 2014; Published 30 October 2014 Academic Editor: Prasanta Sahoo Copyright © 2014 Nabnit Panigrahi et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Tis paper presents an experimental investigation on a four-stroke single cylinder diesel engine fuelled with the blends of Mahua oil methyl ester (MOME) and diesel. Te performance emission, energy, and exergy analysis has been carried out in B20 (mixture of 80% diesel by volume with 20% MOME). From energy analysis, it was observed that the fuel energy input as well as energy carried away by exhaust gases was 6.25% and 11.86% more in case of diesel than that of B20. Te unaccounted losses were 10.21% more in case of diesel than B20. Te energy efciency was 28%, while the total losses were 72% for diesel. In case of B20, the efciency was 65.74 % higher than that of diesel. Te exergy analysis shows that the input availability of diesel fuel is 1.46% more than that of B20. For availability in brake power as well as exhaust gases of diesel were 5.66 and 32% more than that of B20. Destructed availability of B20 was 0.97% more than diesel. Tus, as per as performance, emission, energy, and exergy part were concerned; B20 is found to be very close with that of diesel. 1. Introduction Te consumption of petroleum products in India is 150 million metric tons per year. Primary commercial energy demand growth is 5% per year. India accounted for 3.9% of the world’s commercial energy demand (Infraline Energy Report.). India’s growing dependence on imported oil prod- ucts and the domestic rise in the crude oil prices have recently been of great concern which afects the country’s economy and development. Pollution also remains a major challenge. Air pollution is a serious issue with the major sources being vehicle emission. Tese factors have compelled the researchers to fnd an alternative solution. In recent years in the context of climate changes and of soaring prices for diesel, biodiesel is now being presented as a renewable alternative energy to petro-diesel by diferent researchers. 7% of total renewable energy is available in wide forms and sources. Currently in many countries, the emissions of diesel engines running on petrodiesel are strictly regulated. Te upper limits for the emission of CO, CO 2 , NO  , THC (total unburned hydrocarbons), and PM (particulate matters) have been defned. Tese limits and scarcity of petroleum resources have promoted researchers to go for an alternative fuel used in C.I. engines. Experiments study shows that the use of pure oils (SVO = straight vegetable oil or PPO = pure plant oil) is becoming of interest as alternative fuels for diesel engines. Tis is especially a case in remote areas in developing countries, where petrodiesel and biodiesel are ofen not readily available or expensive [2]. For engines designed to burn diesel fuel, the viscosity of vegetable oil must be lowered to allow for proper atomization of the fuel; otherwise, incomplete combustion and carbon buildup will ultimately damage the engine (vegetable oil fuel from Wikipedia, the free ency- clopedia). Principally, the viscosity and surface tension of Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Scholarly Research Notices Volume 2014, Article ID 207465, 13 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/207465