International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 1, January-2014 439 ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER © 2014 http://www.ijser.org Production of Bio Diesel Oil from Algae in Coastal Area of Balochistan-Pakistan Bashir Ahmed Leghari, Syed Ali Raza Shah, Wazir Muhammad Leghari, Abdullah Mengal, Mohammad Mushtaque. Abstract:- Transportation is the backbone of our society, powering the economies of the world every day. The Transportation network is responsible for a large amount of the hazardous emissions causing global warming and air pollution problems worldwide. Bio-diesel is one of the most important suitable oil to eliminate greenhouse gases emissions and alternative of the fossil fuels. The demand of energy is increasing on day-to-day basis, because enhancement in industrialization and population. Bio-diesel (mono-alkyl-esters) is the substitutive fuel, which obtained through the process of transesterification of monohydric alcohols with triglyceride oil. Bio-diesel oil obtained from the renewable sources of fuel having no properties of degradable and toxic. The waste cooking oil, such as sunflower, canola, soybean, coconut, corn oil, fish oil, rice bran, chicken fat, and algae can be used for preparation of Bio diesel, by adopted this process, the dependency on petroleum-based fuel decreased partially. This paper will focus on production of bio diesel oil from algae (micro algae and macro-algae) having higher efficiency of photosynthetic process by the other biomass products. The algae are best sources for the production bio-diesel, and having best yielding stock for bio-diesel. The macro algae is available in abundant in the form of seaweed at coastal area of Balochistan which extends over 750 kms. The micro algae cultivated near the beach of coastal area either in wet land (ponds) or in saline lagoons. It will provide main source of income to the people of coastal area inhabitants and consequently, it will provide good opportunity to the Govt. in order to reduce the rate of unemployment within Balochistan. The national bio-diesel project can be launched in the coastal area, taking the stakeholders in confidences. It will play an important role in alleviation the rate of poverty among the people of Balochistan. Secondly, it will save the fertile land of other provinces, which are more suitable for cultivation of food commodities instead of fuel producing species; otherwise, it will adversely affect the economy of the country, due to the shortage of food commodities. The pollution in air as well as in aquatic life of marine will reduced. It will produce the best result, by adopting of Bio-diesel fuel in Transport sector. Index Terms— Algae, Algal oil, Bio-diesel, Transesterification, Glycerin, Coastal area, Marine species, Air pollution, Water pollution. ——————————  —————————— 1 INTRODUCTION HE area of Balochistan province is about 347,190 sq.km that is about 43.6 % of the area of Pakistan, and situated in the southwestern part of Pakistan. It has large area but having smallest population in scattered position. The coastline is about 760 Km long extended from Hub adjacent Karachi, up to the Gwadar seaport bordering to Iran-Pakistan. There is variety of marine life available in the blue seawater. The sunny beaches provided amazing environment. Coastal area of Balo- chistan consisting over the towns, such as Jiwani, Pasni, and Gwadar, now this area is most viable for the foreign invest- ment and local businesspersons. All these towns connected with Karachi through air. Since there is no extensive hinter land near coastal towns, so they remain undeveloped. How- ever, development of Gwadar port project and construction of Makran Coastal Highway, the economical activities will be flourishing in the entire area of Balochistan generally, and coastal belt particularly [1]. Bio-diesel is one of the most important suitable oil to elimi- nate greenhouse gases emissions and produced alternative of the fossil fuels. The demand of energy is increasing on day-to- day basis, because enhancement in industrialization and pop- ulation. Bio-diesel oil obtained from the renewable sources of fuel having no properties of degradable and toxic. The waste cooking oil, such as sunflower, canola, soybean, coconut, corn oil, fish oil, rice bran, chicken fat, and algae can be used for preparation of Bio diesel, by adopted this process, the de- pendency on petroleum-based fuel decreased partially[2]. Bio diesel from algae, though not a new phenomenon, the recent oil crises have focused some extra advantages of algae over other Biodiesel feeding stock, such as its property of high oil yield capacity. Biodiesel is equivalent to diesel oil, normal- ly produced from the oil crops such as sunflower, corn, soy- bean, and rapeseed or from waste recover cooking oil. Bio- ethanol is the bio fuel equivalent to the petroleum products and normally obtained from starchy crops such as sugar beet, sugar cane or wheat. Bio-ethane is the third type of Biofuel that is equivalent of compressed natural gas. 2 ALGAE CLASSIFICATION Algae range from a small single celled organism to multi cellu- lar organism. Presently there as approximately 100,000 species of Algae are available throughout the world, and every year near about 400 new species found. The study began by trying to determine which species of algae would be suitable for pro- T ———————————————— 1. Bashir Ahmed Leghari,(Corresponding Author) baleghari@gmail.com 2. Syed Ali Raza Shah, dopazi@yahoo.com 3. Wazir Muhammad Leghari, niaz1111@yahoo.com 4. Abdullah Mengal, ahmengal@yahoo.com 5. Mohammad Mushtaq Rajput,.Mushtaq@buetk.edu.pk [1,2,4,5] Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department. [3] Lecturer Electrical Engineering Department. Balochistan University of Engineering & Technology, Khuzdar URL:- http://www.buetk.edu.pk. IJSER