Journal of Ethnopharmacology 267 (2021) 113495 Available online 19 October 2020 0378-8741/© 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V. Variation in essential oil components and anti-infammatory activity of Allophylus edulis leaves collected in central-western Brazil Sidney Mariano dos Santos a , Pedro Cruz de Oliveira Junior a , Nat´ alia de Matos Balsalobre b , Candida Aparecida Leite Kassuya b , Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso c , Zefa Valdivina Pereira a , Rosilda Mara Mussury Franco Silva a , Anelise Samara Nazari Formagio a, b, * a Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, University City of Dourados, Dourados-Itahum Highway, 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil b Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, University City of Dourados, Dourados-Itahum Highway, 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil c State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, University City of Dourados, Dourados-Itahum Highway, 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil A R T I C L E INFO Keywords: Sapindaceae Chal-chal Essential oil Sesquiterpenes Carrageenan Complete Freund’s adjuvant ABSTRACT Ethnopharmacological relevance: An infusion obtained from the leaves of “chal-chal” (Allophylus edulis Radlk.) is used for popular treatment of intestinal disorders and as an anti-infammatory throat treatment. Because of the anti-infammatory medicinal folk use, a previous work reported scientifc research confrming the anti- infammatory activity of A. edulis essential oil collected in Dourados, MS, Brazil, in March 2015. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation in the chemical profle of the essential oil of A. edulis plants collected in Dourados (EOAE-D) and Bonito (EOAE-B), two cities in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. Additionally, we evaluated the anti-infammatory effects of the essential oil, as well as that of the major compounds (caryophyllene oxide and α-zingiberene), in experimental in vivo models of infammation in mice. Materials and methods: Leaves were collected from plants at both sites in July 2018. The composition of the essential oil (EOAE-D and EOAE-B) was determined by GC/MS, and major compounds (caryophyllene oxide and α-zingiberene) were isolated and identifed by chromatographic methods and NMR spectroscopy. Anti- infammatory capacities were assessed using two classical models of infammatory models, carrageenan- and CFA-induced paw infammation (mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia). Results: Both EOAE-D and EOAE-B showed sesquiterpenes as a major constituent, namely, caryophyllene oxide (29.5%) and α-zingiberene (45.0%), respectively. In tests, EOAE, caryophyllene oxide and α-zingiberene-induced antiedematogenic and antihyperalgesic effects were found in the different utilized models. Conclusions: The results indicate that samples from the two cities differed in chemical composition but not in their anti-infammatory and antihyperalgesic effects. This fnding corroborates the use of A. edulis as a medicinal plant and indicates its potential in the therapy of infammatory conditions. 1. Introduction In the Brazilian Cerrado, a popularly small native tree known as “chal-chal” or “cocu”, Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil., Cambess. & A. Juss.) Radlk (syn. A. cambessedei Blume and A. edulis var. gracilis Radlk.). (Sapindaceae), is used in folk medicine as an anti-infammatory agent (Arisawa et al., 1989; K¨ orbes, 1995). An infusion obtained from the leaves of A. edulis is typically prepared for the treatment of intestinal Abbreviations: CEUA, Committee of Ethics on the Use of Animals; CFA, Complete Freund’s adjuvant; CONCEA, National Council for Control of Animal Experi- mentation; DEXA, Dexamethasone; EOAE, Essential oil of Allophylus edulis; EOAE-B, Essential oil of Allophylus edulis collected in Bonito city; EOAE-D, Essential oil of Allophylus edulis collected in Dourados city; GC/MS, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; MS, Mato Grosso do Sul State; UFGD, Federal University of Grande Dourados. * Corresponding author. Laborat´ orio de Manejo de Plantas Medicinais. Federal University of Grande Dourados. Dourados-Itahum Highway, 79804-970, Dourados, Brazil. E-mail addresses: sidneysmariano@gmail.com (S.M. Santos), pedrojuniorbiologo@gmail.com (P.C. de Oliveira Junior), nataliabalsalobre@hotmail.com (N. de Matos Balsalobre), candida2005@gmail.com (C.A.L. Kassuya), claudia@uems.br (C.A.L. Cardoso), zefapereira@ufgd.edu.br (Z.V. Pereira), maramussury@ufgd. edu.br (R.M.M.F. Silva), aneliseformagio@gmail.com.br, aneliseformagio@ufgd.edu.br (A.S.N. Formagio). Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Ethnopharmacology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jethpharm https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113495 Received 2 July 2020; Received in revised form 13 October 2020; Accepted 16 October 2020