Amnion and Chorion Membranes for Root Coverage Procedures: An In Vitro Evaluation of its Physical Characteristics Annie Kitty George 1* , Yogesh Bharath Dalvi 2 , Bindya Balram 1 , Nisha KJ 3 and Sukumaran Anil 4 1 Department of Periodontics, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Perumthuruthy, Thiruvalla, India Pushpagiri Research Centre, Thiruvalla, India 3 Department of Periodontics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Whitefield, Bangalore, India 4 Department of Periodontics, Saveetha University, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, India * Corresponding author: Annie Kitty George, Department of Periodontics, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Perumthuruthy, Thiruvalla, India, Tel: +919496749734; E-mail: ksucod@gmail.com Received date: June 06, 2018; Accepted date: June 26, 2018; Published date: July 02, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 George AK, et al. This is an open-access artcle distributed under the terms of the creatve Commons Atributon License, which permits unrestricted use, distributon and reproducton in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Citation: George AK, Dalvi YB, Balram B, Nisha KJ, Anil S. Amnion and Chorion Membranes for Root Coverage Procedures: An In Vitro Evaluation of its Physical Characteristics. Periodon Prosthodon. 2018, Vol.4 No.2:07. Abstract Chorion and amnion membranes are used as cost efectve, allogenic substtute for the connectve tssue autograf for achieving predictable root coverage. The objectve of the study was to investgate the potental of amnion and chorion membranes as a substtute for the free connectve tssue autograf in the bilaminar technique of root coverage. An in vitro mechanical testng and evaluation of the degradation profile of these membranes were carried out. Tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongaton at break for amnion and chorion membranes were tested using universal testng machine. Suture retenton and degradaton tests were conducted. The tensile strength of amnion membrane is 155 kPa and that of chorion is 95 kPa. Young’s Modulus of amnion membrane is 645 kPa and that of chorion is 335 kPa. Extension at break is 17.3 mm for amnion and 13.5 mm for chorion. The degradaton profles were expressed as mean accumulated weight losses of the membranes at the end of the frst, second, third and fourth week. Chorion membrane has greater thickness and density when compared to amnion. Mechanical testng of these membranes points out that they are elastc in nature. Amnion is more elastc with higher tensile strength, Young’s modulus and extension at break than chorion. In the suture retenton test, amnion membrane can take up more load during suturing. In vitro degradaton profles of both membranes look promising. Amnion and chorion membranes are not totally degraded at the end of 4 weeks. In terms of in vitro degradaton, amnion membranes appear to be more resistant than chorion membranes. Both membranes retain their physical form up to three weeks. Keywords: Amnion; Chorion; Mechanical testng; Tensile strength; Young’s modulus; Degradaton profle Introducton Gingival recession is an apical shif of the gingival margin with exposure of the root surface to the oral cavity [1]. The treatment of gingival recession defects is indicated for esthetc reasons, to reduce root hypersensitvity, to create or augment keratnized tssue, in root abrasion/caries and in cases of inconsistency/disharmony of the gingival margin [2]. Recent literature indicates that the subepithelial connectve tssue graf is the most predictable root coverage surgical procedure. In this ‘gold standard’ technique, a bilaminar vascular environment is created to nourish the graf. However, harvestng the autograf from the palatal area increases postoperatve morbidity, is tme consuming and only a limited amount of donor tssue is available which is insufcient for multple recession defects [3]. Thus, there has been a desire to fnd a versatle substtute for the autogenous donor tssue. Acellular dermal matrix graf is an allograf which is being used in this regard [4]. Recently, newer xenogenic collagen matrices have been developed. However, there is an ongoing search for a versatle substtute for the connectve tssue autograf. Placental allografs are now emerging as a novel and versatle material in periodontal plastc surgery. The foetal membranes possess unique inherent biologic propertes that enhance wound healing and may propagate regeneraton. Foetal membranes possess distnctve propertes that can be harnessed to promote periodontal reconstructon. Foetal membranes are comprised of amniotc and chorion tssues. Amniotc membrane has three parts which are an epithelial monolayer, a thick basement membrane, and an avascular stroma. Chorion is composed of a retcular layer, basement membrane, and trophoblasts [5]. Both chorion and amnion membranes are now being used as cost efectve, allogenic substtute for the connectve tssue autograf for achieving predictable root coverage [6-12]. However, their extensive use is not sufciently supported by evidence regarding their mechanical propertes and degradaton profle. This study Research Article iMedPub Journals www.imedpub.com DOI: 10.21767/2471-3082.100043 Periodontics and Prosthodontics ISSN 2471-3082 Vol.4 No.2:07 2018 © Copyright iMedPub | This article is available from: https://periodontics-prosthodontics.imedpub.com/ 1 2