Lakes, reservoirs and ponds, vol. 1-2: 127-131, December 2008
©Romanian Limnogeographical Association
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE ANTHROPIC ROMANIAN
LAKES AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Liliana ZAHARIA, Ileana PĂTRU
Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest,
Bucharest, Romania
zaharialil@yahoo.com
Abstract
In Romania there are over 2100 artificial lakes, which hold about 13 billions m
3
of water
and cover about 1.9% of the surface of the country. This study refers to the most
important of these lakes, whose volumes are over 1 billion m
3
and highlights their
functionalities and their impact on the environment, at the level of the main relief units.
Out of the 406 lakes analyzed, half are situated in the plain region, a quarter in the hill
and plateau area and 17% in the Carpathian area. As far as their functionality is
concerned, most of them (40%) have complex functions, these functions being followed
by those of fishery (20%), and electrical energy production (17%). The analysis made
revealed significant differences among the three major relief units, concerning the
morphometric characteristics of the lakes (surface, volume) and their uses. At the same
time, the impact of these arrangements on the elements of the geographic environment is
different from one relief unit to the next, mainly according to their dimensions and their
functionalities. So, in the plain region, the negative consequences of the dam-tanks, are
less significant than the positive ones, so the quality of the impact is higher than the one
of the alpine and hilly regions. In the mountains, where the socio-economic advantages
are very important, there are many negative effects, essentially on the natural
components of the geographic environment.
Keywords: anthropic lakes, functionalities, impact, major relief units.
In today’s economic and social circumstances, at the end of the century and the
millennium, the anthropic lakes have become a common place element of man’s
interference upon the geographical landscape. So far, in Romania aver 1500 lakes have
been set up, all contributing to meet the population’s needs of water, as well as those of
various economic branches, to ensure the necessary energy, to irrigate the agricultural
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