DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.26808/rs.st.i7v6.11 International Journal of Advanced Scientific and Technical Research Issue 7 volume 6 Nov.- Dec. 2017 Available online on http://www.rspublication.com/ijst/index.html ISSN 2249-9954 ©2017 RS Publication, rspublicationhouse@gmail.com Page 87 Root Resorption Incidental to En-masse Retraction in Maxillary Protrusion Cases: A Systematic Review Heba M. Dehis #1 , Fouad A. El-Sharaby #2 , Yehya A. Mostafa #3 , Faten H. Eid #4 #1 BDS, MSc, M. Orth RCSEd (UK). Assistant lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. Cairo, Egypt.Phone no: (02)-01020490611, E-mail: drhebadehis@gmail.com #2 BDS, MSc, PhD, FDSRCSEd (UK). Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. Cairo, Egypt.Phone no: (02)-01223421238. E-mail: fsharaby@hotmail.com #3 BDS, MSc, PhD, FDSRCSEd (UK).Professor and Head of Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Faculty of Dentistry, Future University. Cairo, Egypt.Phone no: (02)- 01222131934, E-mail: yehya3d@gmail.com #4 BDS, MSc, PhD. Professor of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. Cairo, Egypt. Phone no: (02)-01227446428, E-mail: drfaten.eid@hotmail.com Abstract: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the available literature and assess the incidence and degree of external apical root resorption associated with en-masse retraction in maxillary protrusion cases. PubMed, OvidSP,LILACS and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL), Google Scholar and OpenGrey databases were searchedtill November 2017 to identify all articles relevant to this review. Hand search of orthodontic journals and references list of relevant articles was done during the same time frame. The eligibility criteria included randomized and quazi-randomized clinical trials (RCTs and q RCTs), controlled clinical trials, non-randomized clinical trials and clinical trials. Studies having only non-growing subjects with either Class I or II molar relationship having maxillary protrusion requiring extraction of first premolars were included. Methodological weaknesses were highlighted and the quality of the studies was ranked using MINORS (Methodological Index For Non-Randomized Studies) tool. Search resulted in 1035 citations from which only two articles were eligible tobe included in the qualitative analysis. The included studies were a non-randomizedcontrolled trial and a clinical trial which were given a score of 17 and 14 respectively on the MINORS scoring system where both were below the global ideal score.Low quality evidence denotes that incisors’ root resorption associated with en-masse retraction was greatest for maxillary lateral incisors but was clinically insignificant. High quality RCTs evaluating the root resorption associated with en-masse retraction and the average amount of anterior teeth retraction as well as pain associated should be conducted. Keywords: En-Masse retraction, Root resorption, Maxillary protrusion, Systematic review. Corresponding author:Heba M. Dehis