Int. J. Exp. Res. Rev., Vol. 8: 66-73 (2016)
International Journal of Experimental Research and Review (IJERR)
©Copyright by International Academic Publishing House (IAPH)
ISSN: 2455-4855 (Online) Original Article
___________________________________________________________________________
Geo-spatial analysis of Watershed Characteristics Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques:
A case study of Kassai watershed, West Bengal, India
Goutam Kumar Das
1
and Pijush Kanti Dandapath
2*
1
Technical Assistant (Cartographer), U.G. & P.G. Dept. of Geography, Bajkul Milani
Mahavidyalaya;
2
Assistant Professor & Head, U.G. & P.G. Dept. of Geography, Bajkul Milani
Mahavidyalaya, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India.
*Corresponding Author: pkdandapath@gmail.com
Abstract
Watershed is a natural hydrological entity which allows surface run-off to a defined channel,
drainage, stream or river at a particular point. It is the basic unit of water supply, which
evolves over time. Morphometric analysis is a quantitative description and analysis of
landforms as practiced in geomorphology that applied to a particular kind of landform or to
drainage basins. Remote sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS) has proved to
be an efficient tool in delineation of drainage pattern and water resources management and
its planning. In the present study, GIS and image processing techniques have been adopted
for the identification of morphological features and analyzing their properties of the Kassai
river Basin, West Bengal, India. The basin morphometric parameters such as linear and aerial
aspects of the river basin were determined and computed. The study area covers 6929.134
km
2
comprising of 14 sub-watersheds. The drainage network of 14 sub-watersheds was
delineated using Aster DEM remote sensing data and standard Survey of India topographical
maps on 1:50,000 scale. The drainage network shows that the terrain exhibits dendritic to
sub-dendritic drainage pattern. The highest stream order is fourth order. Estimated drainage
density is approximately 0.35 per km
2
and has very coarse to coarse drainage texture. The
mean bifurcation ratio is 4.14 that indicate uniform geological structure and lithologies in
watershed area. The investigation has shown that as the order of stream increases total
length of stream segments is decreases. Hence, it can be concluded that there is a
relationship between stream numbers and stream lengths as per the Horton's law of stream
length. The elongation ratio shows that Kassai watershed possesses elongated shape
pattern. The study showed that GIS techniques proved to be a competent tool in
morphometric analysis.
Kewwords: GIS, image processing, morphometric analysis, remote sensing, watershed.
66
Received: 8
th
November, 2016; Accepted: 8
th
December, 2016; Published: 30
th
December, 2016