Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
Surg Endosc (2018) 32:1937–1944
DOI 10.1007/s00464-017-5887-0
Feasibility and safety of a novel magnetic-assisted capsule
endoscope system in a preliminary examination for upper
gastrointestinal tract
Gi-Shih Lien
1,2
· Ming-Shun Wu
1,2
· Chun-Nan Chen
1
· Chih-Wen Liu
3
·
Fat-Moon Suk
1,2
Received: 30 May 2017 / Accepted: 13 September 2017 / Published online: 25 October 2017
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2017
of the MACE examination as well as the safety and toler-
ability of the procedure.
Results The present study enrolled ten healthy volunteers
with a mean age and body mass index of 47.7 years and
25.6 kg/m
2
, respectively. One volunteer withdrew because
of difculty in swallowing the capsule. In total, nine vol-
unteers underwent the MACE examination. The average
examination time was 27.1 min. The maneuverability of the
capsule was assessed as good and fair in 55.6 and 44.4% of
the participants, respectively. The overall completeness of
the examination in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
was 100, 85.2, and 86.1%, respectively. No severe adverse
events occurred during this study. All participants exhibited
satisfactory tolerance of the MACE examination.
Conclusion The MACE system has satisfactory maneuver-
ability and visualization completeness with excellent accept-
ance and tolerance.
Keywords Capsule endoscope · Esophagus · Stomach ·
Duodenum
Abbreviations
BMI Body mass index
CMOS Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Fps Frame per second
GI Gastrointestinal
LED Light-emitting diodes
MACE Magnetic-assisted capsule endoscope
MFN Magnetic feld navigator
VAS Visual analog scale
Capsule endoscopy has been widely adopted for the nonin-
vasive endoscopic examination of the digestive tract since its
introduction in 2001 [1]. Several capsule endoscopy systems
Abstract
Background and study aim Current capsule endoscopy
procedures are inefective for upper gastrointestinal (GI)
tract examination because they do not allow for operator-
controlled navigation of the capsule. External controllability
of a capsule endoscope with an applied magnetic feld is
a possible solution to this problem. We developed a novel
magnetic-assisted capsule endoscope (MACE) system to
visualize the entire upper GI tract. The present study evalu-
ated the safety and feasibility of the MACE system for the
examination of the upper GI tract, including the esophagus,
stomach, and duodenum.
Methods The present open clinical study enrolled ten
healthy volunteers. All participants swallowed a MACE, and
an external magnetic feld navigator was used for magnetic
capsule manipulation in the upper GI tract. We assessed the
maneuverability of the magnetic capsule and completeness
and Other Interventional Techniques
Gi-Shih Lien and Ming-Shun Wu have contributed equally to
this work.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this
article (doi:10.1007/s00464-017-5887-0) contains supplementary
material, which is available to authorized users.
* Fat-Moon Suk
fmsuk@tmu.edu.tw
1
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal
Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei
Medical University, No. 111, Section 3, Xing Long Road,
Taipei 116, Taiwan
2
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine,
College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei,
Taiwan
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan
University, Taipei, Taiwan