~ 321 ~ Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2020; Sp9(2): 321-325 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 www.phytojournal.com JPP 2020; Sp9(2): 321-325 Received: 22-01-2020 Accepted: 23-02-2020 Mona Verma Assistant Professor, Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I. C. College of Home Science Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Saroj SJ Singh Professor, Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I. C. College of Home Science Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Neelam M Rose Professor, Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I. C. College of Home Science Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Corresponding Author: Mona Verma Assistant Professor, Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I. C. College of Home Science Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Effect of biopolymer treatments on dyeing efficiency of cotton fabric with marigold petals Mona Verma, Saroj SJ Singh and Neelam M Rose Abstract To achieve the objectives of the study, different biopolymer along with natural dye (marigold petals). It was found that chitosan treated samples exhibited highest percent dye absorption (50.25%), colour strength (10.51) and wash fastness grades was found same (4) for all biopolymer treated dyed fabric. Among these biopolymers the chitosan showed the highest dye absorption, colour strength and wash fastness rating with natural dye. Thus we can efficiently use the chitosan as a mordant to replace the synthetic harmful mordant with biopolymer in environmental friendly manner, to reduce pollution load on environment and save resources. Keywords: Biopolymer, chitosan, natural dye, fabric, marigold petals Introduction India is rich in natural wealth and there is ample scope to explore and revive application of natural dye on textiles. There is need to know the chemistry of dyes and interaction among mordant, dyes and fibres to get maximum yield of colourants and reproducible shades, to have commercial availability of extracted natural dyes in powder form to develop newer shades and to improve dye ability with natural dye. Cotton textile dyeing was done since the medieval period using cheap natural dyes. Nature has gifted us more than 500 dye-yielding plant species. Natural dyes have better bio degradability and generally have higher compatibility with the environment. They are nontoxic, non-allergic to skin, non-carcinogenic, easily available and renewable. Certain problems with the use of natural dyes in textile dyeing are color yield, complexibility of dying process, reproducibility results, limited shades, blending problems and inadequate fastness properties. But these problems can be overcome by using chemicals called as mordants. Mordants are metal salts which produce an affinity between the fabric and the dye (Satyanarayana and Chandra, 2013; Samanta and Agarwal, 2009) [18, 17] . Synthetic or metallic salts which are commonly used in dyeing of cotton fabric with natural dyes for better fixation of colour create problems because of its carcinogenic and harmful characteristics and take long time to degrade through environment cycles leading to water pollution. So, there is an urgent need to search natural, safe and biodegradable mordants to make natural dyeing process completely environmental friendly. These days environmental protection has become a challenge for the textile industry because it utilizes a lot of chemicals for colouration of textile materials. These chemicals are harmful for both human as well as environment (Singh and Srivastava, 2015) [19] . Cationization is one of the most important modifications for cotton to improve affinity toward anionic substances such as dyes in conventional textile processing and metal ions or unfixed dyes in effluent treatment. Cationic modification agents consist of two functional characteristics such as multiple functional groups that could react with cotton under alkaline conditions and cationic amino groups that could reduce the negatively charged barrier between fiber and dye. Modification is possible with the help of biopolymers, an environmentally benign route. It is well-known that biopolymers are capable of forming ionic interactions with cotton cellulose by rendering positive charge and provide other functional properties to fibre. Biopolymers can replace the salts such as alum, ferrous sulphate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate and sodium chloride which have been widely used for dyeing of cotton with natural and synthetic dyes to improve the fastness properties and absorption of dye. The dyeing of cotton with natural dyes using biocompatible and biodegradable modification agents such as chitosan and cyclodextrin will be the cost effective environmental friendly approach in the field of dyeing industry and emphasized that the modification of the fabric is one of the best routes to improve the affinity between dye and fabric (Sahan and Demir 2014; Sundrarajan et al., 2012) [16, 20] . Chitosan is a versatile polycationic biopolymer derived from alkaline deacetylation of chitin. Chitosan exhibits several valuable inherent properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, non-toxic,