Solid-State Electronics Vol. 36, No. I 1, pp. 1593-1596, 1993 0038-1101/93 $6.00 + 0.00
Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved Copyright © 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd
BACK-GATE INDUCED RANDOM TELEGRAPH SIGNAL
NOISE IN FULLY-DEPLETED SILICON-ON-INSULATOR
n MOSFETs
E. SIMOEN, U. MAGNUSSON~', J. VERMEIREN a n d C. CLAEYS
IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
(Received 27 October 1992; in revisedform 5 April 1993)
Abstract--Back-gate induced Random Telegraph Signal (RTS) noise in the front-channel drain current
is demonstrated for the first time experimentally, in fully-depleted Silicon-on-lnsulator(SOl) n MOSFETs.
The RTS is observed when the back-interface is in accumulation and is absent for zero, or positive
back-gate bias. As will be demonstrated, hole-trapping at the back-interface occurs, generating a
low-frequency, large-amplitude drain current step. This trapping is related to mobile charges in the
back-oxide, which therefore causes a metastable switching of the threshold voltage.
l. INTRODUCTION
Low-frequency (LF) noise spectroscopy is becoming
an increasingly popular tool for the study of devices
fabricated in Silicon-on-Insulator (SO1) sub-
strates[l-4]. The technique not only allows the as-
sessment of the front- and the back-interface
quality[4], but it enables one to evaluate the defective-
ness of the film, for example by studying the magni-
tude of the kink-related excess noise[5,6]. More
interestingly, quite often Random Telegraph Signals
(RTSs) are observed in SOI MOSFETs[5-9], even for
fairly large device dimensions. In conventional sub-
micron MOSFETs it has been convincingly demon-
strated that RTSs are due to trapping by a defect
centre in the vicinity of the Si-SiO2 interface[10,11].
In this paper, it will be shown that alternative mech-
anisms may generate a discrete RTS-like step in the
drain current Iv of an SOI transistor[8,9]. One mech-
anism will be illustrated here for a fully-depleted
nMOSFET and corresponds with back-gate induced
RTS. At the same time, it will be shown that the LF
noise of fully-depleted transistors increases when
operating with the back-interface in accumulation.
2. EXPERIMENTAL
The devices studied are processed in a double-poly
3 #m thin-film SOI CMOS technology. The starting
material is commercially available 125 mm SIMOX
wafers and the transistors have a designed area of
W x L = 20 gm x 3 #m. The final Si film thickness is
100nm; the front-oxide thickness 50nm and the
back-oxide thickness is 400 nm. The low-frequency
noise measurements are performed using a HP 3562
dynamic signal analyser. A home-built, low-noise
?Presently at the Institute of Microelectronics, Kista,
Sweden.
biasing circuit enables the selection of a specific
operation point in the linear region (constant drain
voltage VDs), or in saturation (constant drain current
It)). The RTSs are monitored simultaneously on an
oscilloscope.
3. RESULTS
Typical low-frequency noise spectra of the SOI
nMOSFETs, recorded at a drain current ID = 50 #A
are shown in Fig. 1, and correspond to zero back-gate
bias V~ (curves a and e), or with the back-gate in
accumulation (V~a =-20 V; b, c and d). A clear
increase in the LF noise for the V~ = - 20 V case is
obvious from the figure. This effect is even aggravated
for higher drain voltages, enabling the generation of
multiplication current at the drain, e.g. at Vas = 4 V,
as shown by curves c and d. The corresponding
spectra show a tendency to level off at low frequency
f and roll-off according to Ill ~, with v between 0.5
and 1 (drain current noise). At the same time, huge
RTSs emerge in the oscilloscope trace, as evidenced
by Fig. 2: in Fig. 2(a), the oscilloscope picture for
VaG = 0 V and Vas = 1 V is shown, while Fig. 2(b)
corresponds to V~ = - 20 V and VDS= 4 V. In the
latter case, a clear step in the drain current is obvious,
with an amplitude of approximately 2/~A, i.e. 4% of
the total drain current. This RTS shows metastable
behaviour, i.e. it may switch to one (or more) RTSs
with a different amplitude and different capture
(down) and emission (up) times, as shown in Fig. 3(a)
and (b), recorded for the same settings as Fig. 2(b),
but at different moments in time. Further evidence for
this is presented by the spectra c and d in Fig. 1
corresponding with a different RTS configuration. In
some cases, the RTSs disappear completely from the
spectrum after some time.
Changing the negetive back-gate bias back to zero,
a lower noise value is typically found than before the
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