An EEO/Affirmative Action employer, the University of Wisconsin-Extension provides equal opportunities in employment and programming, including Title IX and ADA requirements. © 2007 by Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System doing business as the Division of Cooperative Extension of the University of Wisconsin-Extension 1 Economic Costs and Labor Efficiencies Associated w with Raising Dairy Herd Replacements on Wisconsin Dairy Farms and Custom Heifer Raising Operations 2007 A. Zwald 1 , T. L. Kohlman, S. L. Gunderson, P. C. Hoffman 1 and T. Kriegl 2 University of Wisconsin Field Survey Collaborators : 1 Dairy Science Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison 2 Center for Dairy Profitability, University of Wisconsin-Madison 3 Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison All other authors are affiliated with the University of Wisconsin-Extension Maria Bendixen Adam Hady Zen Miller Greg Blonde Mark Hagedorn Aerica Opatik Bob Cropp Abby Huibregtse Mahlon Peterson Aliesha Crowe Steve Huntzicker Ryan Sterry Paul Dyk David Kammel 2,3 Sandy Stuttgen Ronda Gildersleeve Matt Lippert Jon Zander Matt Glewen Lee Milligan