International Journal of Recent Innovations in Academic Research Open Access, Peer Reviewed, Abstracted and Indexed Journal E-ISSN: 2635-3040; P-ISSN: 2659-1561 Homepage: https://www.ijriar.com/ Volume-6, Issue-2, Feb-2022: 50-61 50 Review Article A Review: Vital Role of Biofertilizers in Plant Growth Enhancement and Maintenance of Soil Health Varalakshmi, P., Swetha, K., Keerthi, U., Shanthi, P., Sudheera, T., Chandana, P., Parthasarathi, P., Vanajakshi, M., Anitha, S. and Muralidhara Rao, D * . Department of Biotechnology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu- 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India. * Corresponding Author Email: rao.muralidhara@gmail.com Received: January 19, 2022 Accepted: February 2, 2022 Published: February 9, 2022 Abstract: Biofertilizers are also being used to help farmers change their fortunes. In several developed countries, it has proved to be a promising technology, however in developing countries; the use of bioinoculants is limited by a number of factors. Scientific understanding of bioinoculants and their use can pave the way for their successful application. A biofertilizer is a material that includes living microorganisms that colonise the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant when added to plants, plant surfaces, or soil, and foster growth by growing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to the host plant. Biofertilizers provide nutrients to plants by natural processes such as nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and the production of growth-promoting compounds. Biofertilizers use microorganisms to maintain the soil's natural nitrogen balance and increase soil organic matter. Good plants may be cultivated through the use of biofertilizers while still improving the soil's sustainability and protection. Biofertilizers would likely limit the usage of conventional fertilizers and chemicals, but they will not be able to completely eliminate them. Plant-growth enhancing rhizobacteria is a preferred scientific name for these helpful bacteria since they perform several functions (PGPR). Keywords: PGPR, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, microorganisms. Introduction Since the last two decades, climate change has become one of the most serious issues for the nation, policymakers, and farmers. The end product of the world's growing population is a transition in climatic conditions. At the same period, increased crop production is needed to ensure food sustainability for the world's growing population. Due to scarce land supplies, farmers must use a large volume of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to obtain full crop yields. Excessive usage of these fertilizers, which are chemically synthesized synthetic compounds including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, pollutes soil, air, and water directly or indirectly (Galloway et al., 2008; Youssef and Eissa, 2014). The continued usage of chemical fertilizers, biocides, and pesticides has a negative impact on the existing micro flora found in the rhizosphere or applied area, including microbes, fungi, cyanobacteria, and protozoa, causing an imbalance in the natural environment (McLaughlin and Mineau, 1995). Their long-term use has a negative impact on the health, texture, and fertility of plants and soil, resulting in environmental degradation as well as human health and well-being. Traditional agricultural practices, on the other hand, depend heavily on the extensive usage of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides for plant nutrition and disease control (Vasile et al., 2015). The benefits of judicious application of these chemical inputs are undeniable, not only for plant development, crop output, and efficiency, but also for the farmers' income. Unfortunately, the increased usage of artificial supplies can end up contaminating water, air, and soil, posing a serious