________________________________________
Available online at www.sadgurupublications.com
*
Author for correspondence; E-mail: nembarobertmartin@yahoo.com
J. Curr. Chem. Pharm. Sc.: 2(1), 2012, 17-23
ISSN 2277-2871
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF MINERAL
ELEMENTS IN THE LEAVES OF CORCHORUS FASCICULARIS AND
CORCHORUS OLITORIUS HARVESTED IN CAMEROON
ROBERT M. NEMBA
*
, ALPHONSE EMADAK, GILBERT C. MOUZONG and
CHRISTIANE E. NEMBA
Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Section of Molecular Topology and
Radiochemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, YAOUNDE, CAMEROON
(Received : 27.11.2011; Revised : 09.12.2011; Accepted : 11.12.2011)
ABSTRACT
Corchorus Olitorius and Corchorus Fascicularis are two species of Tiliaceae plants encountered in the humid
forest zones of the sub-Saharan Africa. Both species exist in Cameroon and are cultivated as legumes and exploited by the
local populations for food and medical issues. The present survey, achieved in two main sites of production called Ezazou
and Nkolbisson in the suburban area of Yaoundé capital city of Cameroon, consists in valuing the mineral content of the
leaves of these plants in one hand and to discuss the differences of concentrations within species on the other hand. The
analyses performed by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) reveal in both species a similar uptake of the
following mineral elements: K, Ca, P, Mg, Cl, Na, Al, Fe, Mn, Sr, Ni, Cu, Br, Cd, Pb, Se, Th, Hg, Cr and V. These elements
are partitioned in three groups. The first group includes K, Ca, P, Mg and Cl, which totalize a global concentration of more
than 98% of the total concentration of the elements previously enumerated. The second group totalizes less than 1.8% of the
total mineral uptake and consists of Na, Al, Fe, Mn, Sr, Rb, Ni, Cu, Ba and Br. The third group of mineral constituents
includes Cd, Pb, Se, Th, Hg, Cr and V, which totalize less than 0.2% of the total mineral uptake. It is to be noticed that in
both sites, Na is three times more concentrated in the samples of Corchorus Fascicularis in relation to those of Corchorus
Olitorius while K, Ca, P, Mg and Cl are invariably the major mineral constituents of these two plant species.
Key words: Edible leaves, Tiliaceae, Corchorus Olitorius, Corchorus Fascicularis X-ray Fluorescence, Mineral elements.
INTRODUCTION
The Genus Corchorus which belongs to the family of tiliaceae plants, comprises 60 species
disseminated in the world and about 30 have been enumerated in Africa
1
. In this family of plants Corchorus
Olitorius and Corchorus Fascicularis are two main species traditionally cultivated in the tropical humid
forest zone of Cameroon
2,3
. Their edible leaves play an economical role in the strategy of food security of
urban populations
4,5
. Different parts of Corchorus Olitorius and Corchorus Fascicularis are also used in
folk medicine notably the seeds as laxative, the leaves to relieve stomach pains, the roots for treating
toothache and the stems for treating cardiovascular disorder
6
.
The emphasis of the present survey, conducted in two main production sites called Esazou and
Nkolbisson respectively located in the south and the north east of the suburban zone of Yaoundé, capital city
of Cameroon with two millions city dwellers, is to carry out a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the