PII S0736-4679(01)00374-2
Original
Contributions
IT IS SAFE TO MANAGE SELECTED PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY
SYNDROMES IN UNMONITORED BEDS
Anne-Maree Kelly, MD, MBBS, MclinEd, FACEM, and Debra Kerr, RN, Cert CCU Nursing, BN, GDBM–Health
Department of Emergency Medicine, Western Hospital, Footscray, Australia 3011
Reprint Address: Anne-Maree Kelly, MD, MBBS, MclinEd, FACEM, Department of Emergency Medicine, Western Hospital, Private Bag,
Footscray 3011, Australia
e Abstract—This prospective, observational study evalu-
ated the safety of the Western Hospital admission protocol
for patients with suspected acute coronary syndromes. The
study included all patients admitted from the Emergency
Department with an admission diagnosis of unstable an-
gina, post infarct angina, atypical chest pain, or chest pain
for evaluation. Data collected included demographic data,
admission diagnosis, location of admission (bed with or
without cardiac monitoring), past medical history and pre-
senting chest pain history to determine Agency for Health
Care Policy (AHCPR) and Western Hospital(WH) protocol
classifications, cardiac enzyme assays, electrocardiogram
analysis, adverse outcomes [death, myocardial infarction
(MI), dysrhythmia, acute pulmonary edema, recurrent
pain], diagnosis at hospital discharge, and length of stay-
(LOS). There were 508 patients with a mean age of 63.7
years enrolled in the study. Three hundred nineteen
(62.8%) were admitted to beds without any cardiac moni-
toring. There was one unexpected death in the unmonitored
group, an 85 year-old patient who suffered a presumed
dysrhythmia and whom the treating physician had decided
was not for resuscitation. Twelve patients suffered nonfatal
MI, and none suffered pulmonary edema. All MI patients
made an uneventful recovery, and none required thrombol-
ysis. If all patients had been admitted to an area of care
based on AHCPR guidelines, an additional 310 admissions
to monitored beds would have been required. The results of
this study suggest that selected patients with suspected
acute coronary syndromes can be safely managed in beds
without continuous cardiac monitoring. © 2001 Elsevier
Science Inc.
e Keywords—acute coronary syndrome; chest pain; an-
gina; admission protocol
INTRODUCTION
In most Australian hospitals, it is the usual practice to
admit patients suffering suspected acute coronary syn-
dromes (ACS), such as unstable angina, to areas of care
that have continuous cardiac monitoring such as coro-
nary care units (CCU). The rationale for this approach is
predicated on the assumption that the benefits afforded
by cardiac monitoring to patients with myocardial infarc-
tion (MI) also apply to those with ACS. Although this
assumption has not been confirmed by research, the
requirement for cardiac monitoring for patients with sus-
pected ACS has been reinforced by the Agency for
Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR, USA) and
the National Health and Medical Research Council (Aus-
tralia) guidelines on the management of unstable angina
(1,2). This practice places significant stress on a limited
number of monitored beds, has proven to be costly, and
may result in admission delays (or on occasion, transfer
between hospitals) for patients with proven MI (3).
Recent studies from the United States have shown that
a subgroup of patients with ACS can be safely managed
in telemetry areas and have questioned the need for
monitored beds for these patients (4).
In 1997, in response to problems accessing CCU beds
Original Contributions is coordinated by John A. Marx, MD, of Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
RECEIVED: 22 June 2000; FINAL SUBMISSION RECEIVED: 11 February 2000;
ACCEPTED: 16 January 2001
The Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 227–233, 2001
Copyright © 2001 Elsevier Science Inc.
Printed in the USA. All rights reserved
0736-4679/01 $–see front matter
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