International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS) Peer-Reviewed Journal ISSN: 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O) Vol-9, Issue-3; Mar, 2022 Journal Home Page Available: https://ijaers.com/ Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.93.4 www.ijaers.com Page | 27 State and Society in the Process of Formulating Public Policy of Education: Contributions of Stephen Ball Danilo da Costa, Jonas Rodrigo Gonçalves, João Carlos Medeiros de Aragão 1 Educação, Universidade Católica de Brasília UCB, DF, Brasil E-mail: educadordanilocosta@gmail.com 2 Universidade Católica de Brasília UCB, DF, Brasil E-mail: professorjonas@gmail.com 3 Direito, Faculdade Processus, DF, Brasil E-mail: joaocarlos.aragao@institutoprocessus.com.br Received: 11 Jan 2022, Received in revised form: 23 Feb 2022, Accepted: 03 Mar 2022, Available online: 13 Mar 2022 ©2022 The Author(s). Published by AI Publication. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Keywords— Educational Policies. Stephen Ball, Formulation of Educational Policies, Popular participation. Abstract— This article addresses the concepts and definitions in the process of formulating and implementing public policies, approaching the cycles of public policies, as well as strategies for better management in the elaboration of a policy, especially in education. The problem to be answered in this article is "what is the process of formulating public education policies regarding the contributions of Stephen Ball and others?". As a hypothesis, we point out that popular participation is the result of most of the definitions of education policy. The contributions of sociologist Stephen Ball are essential, in a perspective of stimulating and understanding education policies, as he is considered one of the sociologists with the most relevant publications on education policy studies in the United Kingdom and in other countries. I. INTRODUCTION The This article presents concepts and definitions of the process of formulating and implementing public policies. It essentially aims to know the entire process, from the birth of the public problem to its evaluation, it is crucial for the understanding of public policies, as well as the knowledge of all public policy cycles. The problem to be answered in this article revolves around the understanding of the process of formulating education public policies, built on the contributions of Stephen Ball and others. In addition, this article also seeks to answer the following questions: What are public policies? What are the phases or cycles of a public policy? Is popular participation important in the elaboration of education policies, with foundation on school problems identified by local society? As a hypothesis, we list that popular participation is very important and necessary in the definition of education policy. Pontual (1995), Freire (1991), Silva (1998) and Paro (2005) showed that popular participation is fundamental in school life, as they show local problems and needs. With this, the problem is specified, defined, then, a coherence in the implementation and in the financial investments, providing an opportunity for a more adequate education policy. The contributions of the sociologist Stephen Ball are essential, from a perspective of stimulation and understanding of education policies, as he is considered today one of the sociologists with the most relevant publications on education policy studies in the United Kingdom and in other countries. However, we critically identified that the models raised by Ball that separate the phases of formulation and implementation ignore the