www.itcon.org - Journal of Information Technology in Construction - ISSN 1874-4753
ITcon Vol. 16 (2011), Lin, pg. 69
A PILOT STUDY OF A 3D GAME ENVIRONMENT FOR
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY EDUCATION
SUBMITTED: March 2010
REVISED: July 2010
PUBLISHED: January 2011
EDITOR: Turk Z.
Ken-Yu Lin, Assistant Professor,
University of Washington, WA, USA;
kenyulin@uw.edu
JeongWook Son, PhD Candidate,
University of Washington, WA, USA;
json@uw.edu
Eddy M. Rojas, Professor and Director
The Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction,
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA;
er@unl.edu
SUMMARY: Education is crucial to promoting a safe and healthful working environment in construction and
teaching students to identify potential job hazards is its very first step. The authors proposed a 3D video game,
Safety Inspector, to provide a comprehensive safety training environment in which students assume the roles of
safety inspectors and walk the game site to identify potential hazards. Violations of different modelling
difficulties and various levels of safety knowledge for identifying these violations were listed to guide the
development. The game was also designed with an agenda to address features such as realism, self-learning,
non-linearity, interactivity, etc. Torque 3D game engine was leveraged for implementing the game system and
Autodesk 3ds Max as well as MilkShape 3D were used to create the needed but unavailable 3D objects. An
important development strategy was approximation - this applied to both the definition of object collision
boundaries and the texture mappings. A small group of students from the Department of Construction
Management at the University of Washington helped test the preliminary game system. The testing results
indicated that with the game students increased their learning interests, enjoyed the learning process, and were
motivated to refresh their safety knowledge. In addition, students also showed optimistic attitudes towards using
the game scoring as a way to reflect their safety knowledge. In overall, the evaluation results suggested a
positive outlook of the game and encouraged the continuous development of Safety Inspector. However, the
prototype system did not incorporate all the desired violations or features and should be further enriched in its
next version. Pedagogical issues newly discovered during the game evaluation process are to be addressed as a
part of the future work.
KEYWORDS: construction safety, hazard recognition, video game, education, computer-assisted learning.
REFERENCE: Ken-Yu Lin, (2011) A pilot study of a 3D game environment for construction safety education,
Journal of Information Technology in Construction (ITcon), Vol. 16, pg. 69-84, http://www.itcon.org/2011/5
COPYRIGHT: © 2011 The authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 3.0 unported (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original work is properly cited.