A Study of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living of Patients having Bipolar Affective Disorder and Its Relationship with their Subjective Well Being and Self Efficacy Laxmi Kumari and Sandhya Gupta * College of Nursing, AIIMS, New Delhi, India * Corresponding author: Gupta S, College of Nursing, AIIMS New Delhi, India, E-mail: drsandhyag407@gmail.com Received date: November 15, 2017; Accepted date: December 11, 2017; Published date: January 05, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Kumari L, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Background: The people suffering from bipolar disorders experience a poor quality of life as compared to the general public, it includes difficulties in the areas of work, interpersonal relationship and activities of daily living. During the course of illness the social and family dysfunction affect the persons having bipolar disorder their physical, emotional, social and functional well-being impacted. Aim: To examine the instrumental activities of daily living of patient suffering from bipolar affective disorder and its relationship with their subjective wellbeing and self-efficacy. Methods: A cross-section survey was done on thirty patients having bipolar affective disorder using three scales to measure instrumental activities of daily living, subjective well-being and self-efficacy with Lawton instrumental activities of daily living. Results: The mean age of patients was 38 ± 12 years, with almost equal numbers from both the gender. Most of the patients studied up to graduation (60%), most of them were unemployed. Most of the subjects were in depressive phase (53%), while in mania (27%) and in mixed phase 20%. The activities of daily living and self- efficacy of patients was found to be significantly correlated. The subjective well-being of patients and self-efficacy were also positively correlated. On the other hand there is a weak positive correlation found between subjective well- being of patients was and activities of daily living. Conclusion: The subjective well-being and self-efficacy of patients with bipolar disorder must be assessed independently and not to be confused with activities of daily living and the interventions need to be planned for improving functioning of patients. Keywords: Bipolar afective disorder; Subjective well-being; Self- efcacy; Instrumental activities of daily living Introduction Bipolar afective disorder (BPAD) disorder is one of the serious mental disorders unlike schizophrenia where cognition, afect and reality testing get distorted; the former is characterized by alternating or concurrent depressive and manic symptoms that may be or may not be accompanied by psychotic symptoms. Te presentations of the disorder can be polymorphic. Bipolar disorder in India afects majorly males, majority of patients sufering with more number of manic episodes and both manic as well as depressive phases of illness last an average of 3-4 months [1]. Worldwide the prevalence rates of bipolar afective disorder varied, i.e., bipolar I 0.6%, bipolar II 0.4% and bipolar disorder-NOS 1.4%. In general the bipolar spectrum rate is 2.4 percent. Te United States had the highest prevalence rate of bipolar spectrum, i.e., 4.4 percent, while India had the lowest rate of 0.1 percent. According to half of the patients who are sufering from this disorder in their adulthood, noted that their illness began in their adolescent years only [2]. Globally bipolar afective disorders are a chief cause of disability. Te World Health Survey estimates that 110 million people (2.2%) have very signifcant difculties in functioning while the Global Burden of Disease estimates 190 million (3.8%) have “severe disability” - the equivalent of disability inferred for conditions such as quadriplegia, severe depression, or blindness [3]. Te people sufering from bipolar disorders experience a poor quality of life as compared to the general public [4]. It includes difculties in the areas of work, interpersonal relationship and community functioning [5]. Instead of good compliance there is a risk of relapse of about 73%. Among the diferent phases depressions were more strongly related to social and family dysfunction. Tese symptoms afect an individual’s physical, emotional, social and functional well-being to a great extent and have a considerable impact on their overall quality of life [6-8]. Mania and depression phases are associated with marked psychosocial dysfunction; the impairment covers various areas of functioning and become chronic condition in many of the cases [9,10]. Te mixed phase constitutes approximately 20% in bipolar disorders category. Mixed states are also associated with more co morbidity, an inferior treatment outcome, poor prognosis and overall decline in performance in day to day activities [11]. Till today less is known about the experience of subjective well-being and its association with their activities of daily living. Te activities of daily living are ofen related with quality of life the individual is facing. Previous studies found that B i p o l a r D i s o r d e r : O p e n A c c e s s ISSN: 2472-1077 Bipolar Disorder: Open Access Kumari and Gupta, Bipolar Disord 2018, 4:1 DOI: 10.4172/2472-1077.1000120 Research article Open Access Bipolar Disord, an open access journal ISSN:2472-1077 Volume 4 • Issue 1 • 1000120