Research Article
Wind Energy Development in India and a Methodology for
Evaluating Performance of Wind Farm Clusters
Sanjeev H. Kulkarni,
1
Tumkur Ramakrishnarao Anil,
1
and Rajakumar Dyamenally Gowdar
2
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Udyambag, Belagavi, Karnataka 590006, India
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, GM Institute of Technology, Davangere, Karnataka 577004, India
Correspondence should be addressed to Sanjeev H. Kulkarni; khsanjeev77@gmail.com
Received 3 June 2016; Accepted 11 October 2016
Academic Editor: Valerio Lo Brano
Copyright © 2016 Sanjeev H. Kulkarni et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
With maturity of advanced technologies and urgent requirement for maintaining a healthy environment with reasonable price,
India is moving towards a trend of generating electricity from renewable resources. Wind energy production, with its relatively
safer and positive environmental characteristics, has evolved from a marginal activity into a multibillion dollar industry today.
Wind energy power plants, also known as wind farms, comprise multiple wind turbines. Tough there are several wind-mill
clusters producing energy in diferent geographical locations across the world, evaluating their performance is a complex task and
is an important focus for stakeholders. In this work an attempt is made to estimate the performance of wind clusters employing a
multicriteria approach. Multiple factors that afect wind farm operations are analyzed by taking experts opinions, and a performance
ranking of the wind farms is generated. Te weights of the selection criteria are determined by pairwise comparison matrices of the
Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Te proposed methodology evaluates wind farm performance based on technical, economic,
environmental, and sociological indicators. Both qualitative and quantitative parameters were considered. Empirical data were
collected through questionnaire from the selected wind farms of Belagavi district in the Indian State of Karnataka. Tis proposed
methodology is a useful tool for cluster analysis.
1. Introduction
On account of continuous industrial development clubbed
with depletion of fossil fuels and emerging environmental
consciousness, the demands for alternative energy resources
have been increasing exponentially in the 21st century. With
growing demand for energy, increased environmental pol-
lution, and depleting energy sources, human society today
faces multiple challenges of transition towards a sustainable
development and the poverty eradication. In dealing with
sustainable development energy is one of the main factors
that must be considered [1]. Te concept of sustainable devel-
opment according to Brundtland report [2] is based on the
idea of meeting the needs of the present without compro-
mising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs. In developing economies clean and energy-efcient
technologies can contribute to sustainable development and
energy security [3].
Energy planning involves fnding a set of sources to meet
the energy requirements in an optimal manner. As an alterna-
tive means and of meeting global energy demands, renewable
energy sources, including solar, wind, mini-hydropower,
geothermal, and biomass energy, are receiving increasing
attention. Being an afordable and clean energy source, wind
energy is among the world’s fastest growing renewable energy
forms [4]. Te challenge for India today is rapid adoption of
renewable energy sources to power growing economy at a
price that consumers can aford and on a scale large enough
to make a major dent in shortages. India has added large-
scale conventional power resources, as demand for power has
grown since decades [5]. Today there are alternate options
available in the form of solar and wind power technologies
and renewable energy (RE) resources have become com-
mercially available in the marketplace. Tis has added addi-
tional options for policymakers who are concerned with
the technical, economic, and environmental characteristics
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Journal of Renewable Energy
Volume 2016, Article ID 6769405, 11 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6769405