Chapter 22 Open Source and Open Data Licenses in the Smart Infrastructure Era: Review and License Selection Frameworks Emad Alamoudi, Rashid Mehmood, Wajdi Aljudaibi, Aiiad Albeshri, and Syed Hamid Hasan 22.1 Introduction According to the Open Source Initiative [1], open source licenses are “licenses that comply with the Open Source Definition—in brief, they allow software to be freely used, modified, and shared.” The expression open source was first used by Bruce Perens and Eric Raymond in 1997 [2]. They wrote the Open Source Definition (OSD), which is based on ten criteria to determine whether a license is qualified to be an open source license [3]. The use of open source software (OSS) has increased over the years, particularly during the last two decades. In 2010, a study [4] showed that 98% of all enterprises use an open source software. Nevertheless, the use of open source is not restricted to businesses only; 76% of all software developers had acknowledged that they had used open source components in their software [4]. OSS give the user the right to use, change, and publish the software source code. However, there are some restrictions regarding its protection and copyrighting. These limitations are E. Alamoudi () · W. Aljudaibi · A. Albeshri Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology (FCIT), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia e-mail: ealamoodi0004@stu.kau.edu.sa; waljedaibi@kau.edu.sa; aaalbeshri@kau.edu.sa R. Mehmood High Performance Computing Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia e-mail: RMehmood@kau.edu.sa S. H. Hasan Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology (FCIT), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA e-mail: shhasan@kau.edu.sa © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 R. Mehmood et al. (eds.), Smart Infrastructure and Applications, EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13705-2_22 537