Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology
Print ISSN: 2349-8404; Online ISSN: 2349-879X; Volume 2, Number 3; January-March, 2015 pp. 249-253
© Krishi Sanskriti Publications
http://www.krishisanskriti.org/jceet.html
Comparative Analysis of PGA-MMI Relationships
for January 26
th
, 2001 M7.6 Bhuj Earthquake
Viraj Parekh
1
, Kapil Mohan
2
and Tejas Thaker
3
1
M.Tech (Infrastructure Engineering & Management) Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382007
2
Scientist – C Institute of Seismological Research, Department of Science & Technology,
Govt. of Gujarat, Gandhinagar,Gujarat - 382007
3
School of Technology Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382007
E-mail:
1
virajparekh1@gmail.com,
2
kapil_geo@yahoo.co.in,
3
Tejas.Thaker@sot.pdpu.ac.in
Abstract—For the developing country like India, infrastructure
industry is booming. Many new technologies, construction practices
and international standards have been adopted by India within last
decade. After investing such big amount for providing better services
to the society, it is must for India to protect the infrastructure from
the natural disasters. Earthquake is one of the natural disaster and
we have witnessed the devastating post-earthquake effects, too.
Earthquake hazards must be address properly for the safety of lives,
infrastructure and society at large, which is the urgent need of the
hour.
Generally we come to know about the earthquake hazards, after
earthquake has occurred. Therefore, we are lacking for appropriate
mitigation. But it would be better if we can predict the hazards from
the past data and records. For that, intensity is a great parameter to
deal with. MMI is modified mercalli intensity; intensity refers to the
effects actually experienced at that place and MMI is one of the
intensity scale denoted by roman numbers from I to X. PGA is peak
ground acceleration; it is a measure of earthquake acceleration on
the ground, how hard the earth shakes in a given geographic area.
Many researchers and scientists had tried to develop the relationship
between PGA and MMI for the different tectonic regions.
We compared available empirical relationships developed between
PGA and MMI for the January 26th, 2001 M7.6 Bhuj, India
earthquake. Almost about 80 locations of Gujarat region have been
selected for the study. An effort is made here to derive PGA values
from MMI values using different empirical relationships available,
which can be used for Indian continent region. With this, we can
nearly predict the hazards and plan accordingly to mitigate.
1. INTRODUCTION
The Bhuj earthquake occurred in Gujarat, India on 26
th
of
January, 2001. The event struck within the Kutch peninsula
near India’s western coast and was felt over much of the
Indian sub-continent. Some of the parts of Gujarat were
severely damaged. Instrumental recordings of the Bhuj 2001
earthquake are insufficient to comment anything about it. In
that case, intensity data can be really helpful. Seismic intensity
has traditionally been used worldwide for quantifying the
shaking pattern and to identify the area under damage of the
earthquake. It describes the thing in a more simplified way.
Scientists have developed many relationships of intensity with
peak ground motion parameters. One of the ground motion
parameter is PGA i.e. peak ground acceleration. One of the
intensity is MMI i.e. modified mercalli intensity. We have
used PGA-MMI relationships over here to estimate the PGA
from MMI data for the Bhuj 2001 earthquake.
2. METHODOLOGY
A dataset has been prepared for the 80 different locations of
Gujarat state, for their latitude, longitude, intensity, epicentral
distance and shear velocity, which has been shown in Table 1.
Table 1: Collected Data over 80 locations of Gujarat
Location Latitude Longitude MMI D Vs
Adhoi 23.400 70.513 10.5 28.9 600
Adipur 23.082 70.066 9.5 41.0 600
Ahmedabad1 23.043 72.578 7 243.6 300
Ahmedabad2 23.030 72.577 7 243.6 280
Ahmedabad3 23.009 72.590 7.5 245.5 300
Ahmedabad4 23.009 72.568 7.5 243.3 280
Ahmedabad5 23.050 72.577 6 243.3 300
Ahmedabad6 23.058 72.564 7.5 241.9 280
Ahmedabad7 23.030 72.551 7.5 241.9 300
Amreli District 21.360 71.150 7 247 930
Anand District 22.320 73.000 6.5 309 442
Anjar 23.117 70.019 10 27 600
Bagathala 22.847 70.717 8.5 80.5 500
Bajana 23.118 71.768 8 161 290
Balamba 22.716 70.436 8 - 500
Beraja 22.986 69.600 5.5 80 500
Bhachau 23.287 70.352 10.5 20 600
Bhadreshwar 22.916 69.891 8.5 66 600
Bharuch 21.719 72.971 6 339 300
Bhavnagar District 21.460 72.110 7 290 380
Bhuj 23.245 69.662 10 61 600
Bhujpur 22.867 69.635 7.5 86.5 300
Bidada 22.900 69.463 6.5 97 300
Chasra 22.969 69.816 8.5 66 500
Chitrod 23.40 70.70 8 48 360