Proceeding of the 4
th
International Conference on Education, Vol. 4, 2018, pp. 8-19
Copyright © 2018 TIIKM
ISSN 2424 - 6700 online
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17501/icedu.2018.4102
Corresponding Author’s Email: *1443569@students.wits.ac.za
THE USE OF COOPERATIVE INSTRUCTIONAL
STRATEGIES TO CATER FOR THE LEARNING
STYLE DIFFERENCES AMONG HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE LEARNERS
Sakyiwaa Danso
1*
and Emmanuel Mushayikwa
1
1
University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Abstract: The continuous use of the traditional method of teaching physical sciences in most senior
secondary schools in South Africa and in particular schools in OR Tambo Inland District has
contributed to the underperformance of learners in the subject. This has called for a shift from
teacher-centered to a progressive learner-centered approach based on inclusiveness and collective
learning to encourage diversity of reception and information processing. Therefore, this study
investigated the use of Cooperative Instructional Strategy, considering learners learning style
preferences to enhance learner’s achievement in electricity and magnetism. A pragmatic Mixed-
methods sequential design was adopted for the study. The choice of mixed methodology was meant
for both methods to complement each other for the purpose of data triangulation. Purposive sampling
technique was used to select two high schools within the OR Tambo Inland District of Mthatha.
Learning style questionnaire, physical sciences achievement test, interview, and observation
schedules were the main instruments used to collect data. The quantitative data were analysed
descriptively, while the qualitative aspect was analysed through thematic content analysis. It was
found that cooperative instructional strategies improved learners’ performance in physical sciences.
It is therefore recommended that teachers utilise appropriate instructional strategies that cater for all
the differences learners bring to the classroom for effective teaching and learning to take.
Keywords: Academic Achievement, Cooperative Instructions, Electricity, and Magnetism, Physical
Sciences
Introduction
According to the Department of Basic Education (DBE, 2011), Physical Sciences promotes knowledge and
skills in scientific inquiry and problem-solving; the construction and application of scientific and technological
knowledge; and an understanding of the nature of science and its relationships to technology, society, and the
environment. Despite the importance of physical sciences education to the development of the nation, the related
literature (for example Karacop, 2017) shows that learners at all levels of the educational ladder have difficulty
in learning physical science and have developed a negative attitude towards the subject. These and other similar
learning difficulties revealed in the previous studies may occur due to so many factors. Some studies (for
example, Mashile, 2001; Mji &Makgato, 2006) in South Africa have investigated and reported on different
factors that particularly affect the teaching and learning of physical sciences. These include; poor teaching
strategies, lack of basic content knowledge of teachers and mismatches of teachers’ teaching styles and learners’
learning styles, among others. In their conclusion, they indicated that the recurring poor performance in the
subject calls for a concerted effort for measures that will help improve the status quo.
According to Amedu and Gudi (2017), no one teaching method is suitable for the realisation of all teaching
goals and outcomes. However research reports point to the importance of cooperation, collaboration, discussion,
learning style-based instructions, verbal interaction and group work (De Baz, 2001; Doymus, 2008;
Akimbobola, 2015, Gocer, 2010) in the teaching-learning process. Therefore, to enhance the understanding of
learners in physical sciences, learners must be more active in the classroom and must creatively acquire