Comparison and Analysis Data-Centric Routing protocols in wireless sensor networks Zahra Ghaffari Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, Amirkabir University Tehran, Iran z.ghaffari@gmail.com Talieh Jafari, Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, Amirkabir University Tehran, Iran talieh.jafari@gmail.com Hossein Eskandari Shahraki, Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, Amirkabir University Tehran, Iran eskandary.shahraki@yahoo.com Abstract- Comparing protocols is one of the issues that had recently evaluated and its results significantly impact on choosing appropriate protocol. In this paper, wireless sensor networks will be presented and rout date-Centric protocol including Directed Diffusion, SPIN, Flooding, GBR and EAR will be evaluated and compared with each other. According to obtained results, it will be concluded that, considering that limited amount of energy of sensors in wireless sensor networks are the main limitation for planning protocol, and because EAR and GBR are better choices in the case of security, lifetime, consuming energy, then using these protocols for directing in wireless sensor networks will be advocated. Keywords- Wireless sensor network; Data centric protocols; Routing protocols; I. INTRODUCTION By creating wireless sensor nodes, some networks appeared named wireless sensor networks. These nets consist of hundreds or thousands of small nodes that can sense environmental events, process them and send them to each other. Then, they can see their environment. These networks can sense internal events of the network, as user requests, and transport them between each other to send to a central system with high level of capability named query based system. The most important problem of these networks is their limited amount of energy. Nodes should sense the events by an energy source and send them, and/or play as a bridge for sending information within nodes. Currently, these networks play a significant role in different fields, from sensitive army uses to monitoring jungles firing and also supervisory security system of buildings. In most of wireless sensor networks uses, specifying one general determiner for each sensor is not feasible. Lacking this determiner along with accidentally replacing of sensors in network result in difficulty in requesting information from one specific group of sensors. So, inputs which have high frequency will flow toward considered area. For avoiding power consumption, some ways as data aggregation is used which cause routing in these networks be Data-Centric instead of Address-based [11]. In data centric protocols, query base send its requests to considered areas in their protocols and wait for the return of inputs from sensors of that area. It is so that the attributes of a sensor is much more important than its address. These attributes include the location, the parameters it can measure and…. Some basic data-centric protocols are evaluated below [1]. In this paper, data centric routing protocols are classified, evaluated and compared with each other. In second section, a general perspective on wireless sensor networks is gained and in third one, different types of data centered routing protocol are evaluated. Last chapter covers conclusion and future work on these issues. II. EXPLAIN DIFFERENT ROUTING PROTOCOLS Regarding basic differences between wireless sensor with current and MANET networks, routing in these networks attract much attention. These differences are:  The possibility of a general addressing base does not exist. So, protocols as Internet Protocol (IP) is not useful in these networks [4].  It is necessary almost in any use of wireless sensor networks (despite other communicational networks) that all inputs flow toward one query base [5].  Considering this case that sensors closed to considered phenomenon create the same type of inputs, the number of iterated inputs in these networks is high [8].  These sensors are limited in the case of power in sending data, needed energy ,power for processing information, and memory. So routing protocols should have complete and exact management and control over these sources [4]. According to mentioned differences, several new algorithms are suggested for solving the rout problem for wireless sensor networks. In the designing of routing mechanisms, specific attributes of sensors for that network, network usage, and its structural requirements are considered. Almost, all of rout protocols for these networks can be divided into following groups. 2013 International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies 978-0-7695-4958-3/13 $26.00 © 2013 IEEE DOI 10.1109/CSNT.2013.80 351