DOI: 10.4018/IJACDT.2017010102
International Journal of Art, Culture and Design Technologies
Volume 6 • Issue 1 • January-June 2017
Copyright © 2017, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited.
Rapid Prototypes as Openers
of an Innovation Block
Erno Salmela, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
Ivary Vimm, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
Marika Hirvimäki, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
Pasi Juvonen, Saimaa University of Applied Sciences, Lappeenranta, Finland
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research was to find out what value rapid prototyping (RP) adds to innovation and
creative activity, what challenges it entails, and what sort of innovation it is especially suited for. The
research was implemented as a qualitative case study of ten cases. According to the study, RP is an
important part of the innovation process regardless of its tinkering reputation. It opens up an innovation
block, adds creativity, engages people, and helps to estimate the potential of idea´s originality and
effectiveness. RP has a positive impact on people’s work enjoyment due to its playful and communal
nature. And anyone can participate. Therefore, the creativity is a matter of everybody. The main
limitation of the research was examining RP as a static event in one phase of the innovation process.
As practical value, this article encourages organisations to increase RP in their innovation activities.
KeywORDS
Creativity, Fuzzy Front End Innovation, Innovation Block, Mock-Up Prototype, Prototyping, Rapid Prototyping,
Value Innovation
INTRODUCTION
With the help of “traditional” prototypes, information is gained regarding the technical functionality
of a product and its value to customers. However, these kinds of prototypes may take up a lot of time,
as a result of which ideas can be concretised to customers and partners at too late stage. An idea may
not work as well in the eyes of outsiders as the development group had thought. In this case, change
work may be laborious and expensive (Rubin, 2013; Sims, 2011, Diegel et al., 2006).
One solution for this are so called rapid prototypes (RP), which are also called paper and mock
up prototypes. RPs can be made and modified quickly. Easily available, inexpensive material, such
as paper and clips, are used in manufacturing them. The idea will be concretised in hours or even
minutes. Instead of planning, making begins as quickly as possible. And if the idea does not work, a
new prototype can be made fast (Carleton et al, 2013; Sims, 2011).
The innovation process can be divided into three main stages: fuzzy front end innovation, the
development, and commercialization (Koen et al., 2002). Where traditional prototypes are useful
on the boundary between fuzzy front end innovation and the development phases, RPs are needed
at fuzzy front end innovation phase, because this phase require considerable creativity and includes
remarkable uncertainty (Furr and Dyer, 2014; Carleton et al, 2013; Chang et al., 2007). This innovation
phase begins either with a new recognized problem, opportunity or idea (Koen et al., 2001) and ends
in a decision to either launch or not to launch a development project (Kim and Wilemon, 2002).
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