Original Publication Teaching Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in Pediatric Clinical Settings: A Training Workshop for Faculty and Residents Caroline R. Paul, MD*, Adam D. Wolfe, MD, PhD, Marina Catallozzi, MD, MSCE, Thanakorn Jirasevijinda, MD, Eric Kutscher, MD, Brian Lurie, MD, MPH *Corresponding author: caroline.paul@nyulangone.org Abstract Introduction: Health disparities for the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, all other genders, sexes, and sexualities (LGBTQIA+) population are striking. Yet, deliberate eforts to integrate sexual orientation and gender identity in pediatric education settings remain lacking. The type of formal training that pediatric educators currently have for teaching of sexual orientation and gender identity is unclear and limited, which led to the development and implementation of this curriculum. Methods: A 2-hour workshop was developed to address gaps in knowledge, equip faculty and resident educators with skills to apply key concepts in teaching activities, and motivate them to examine challenges and opportunities in teaching sexual orientation and gender identity principles in their routine duties in pediatric settings across the undergraduate and graduate education spectrum. Learning strategies of the workshop included learner activation, a didactic, and clinical cases with role-play opportunities. Participants completed evaluations at the end of the workshop. Results: The workshop was implemented in three varied educational settings in 2019. All 65 participants enrolled in the workshop completed the evaluations. Evaluations ranged from 4.6 to 4.9 on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Participants reported workshop strengths and anticipated impact on their own teaching and clinical practice. Discussion: Stark health disparities for the LGBTQIA+ population and gaps in relevant curricula demand a training intervention for pediatric educators. We demonstrated the successful implementation of a training workshop, with evidence of feasibility and generalizability, that addressed knowledge gaps and teaching and clinical skills. Keywords Faculty Development, Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Pediatrics, LGBTQ+, Resident-as-Teacher, Clinical Teaching/Bedside Teaching, Diversity, Inclusion, Health Equity Educational Objectives By the end of this activity, learners will be able to: 1. Define key concepts of sexual orientation and gender identity as related to pediatric clinical care. 2. Apply these concepts to commonly encountered clinical scenarios related to sexual orientation and gender identity. 3. Identify challenges and opportunities for teaching sexual orientation and gender identity in routine clinical Citation: Paul CR, Wolfe AD, Catalozzi M, Jirasevijinda T, Kutscher EJ, Lurie B. Teaching sexual orientation and gender identity in pediatric clinical settings: a training workshop for faculty and residents. MedEdPORTAL. 2021;17:11137. https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.11137 educational duties in the general, subspecialty, and acute care pediatric settings. Introduction Significant health disparities continue to exist for the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, all other genders, sexes, and sexualities (LGBTQIA+) population in the United States, with sexual and gender minorities facing higher rates of HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), depression, suicide, and substance use disorders. 1,2 Within the pediatric population, these disparities are disturbing, with close to a third of LGBTQIA+ minority youth reporting having attempted suicide, which is double the rate of their heterosexual, cisgender counterparts, 84% reporting verbal harassment, 30% being physically harassed, and increased rates of STIs among males having sex with males, which is in stark contrast to decreased rates of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis for all other adolescent groups. 3 Copyright © 2021 Paul et al. This is an open-access publication distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license. 1/8