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Chapter 6
Nazmi Çeşmeci
Piri Reis University, Turkey
Süleyman Özkaynak
Piri Reis University, Turkey
Deniz Ünsalan
Piri Reis University, Turkey
The Effect of Crises
on Leadership
ABSTRACT
Crises can be regarded as the nursery of leadership in a way. They have both created new leaders and
have also proved to be a testing ground for the existing leaders, as well as a flter where the inefcient
have been eliminated. Man-made crises have been classifed as social, economical, and political crises
up to recent times. With the development of modern markets, new fnancial tools have emerged. Those
fnancial tools have the function of regulating the modern economy, but also they have the handicap
of propagating their own crises from the economic feld to social and political areas. In this context,
crises give way to radical changes in the management paradigm. In such an environment, the leadership
virtues of the previous paradigm period turn out to be insufcient. Institutions used to survive during the
crisis periods by employing their crisis management plans. However, crises gain a permanent nature
during the modern times and tactical crisis management becomes insufcient in the new environment.
The phenomenon of permanent crisis forces leadership to have some special virtues. Therefore, it be-
comes necessary to defne a new type of leadership, namely “strategic crisis leadership.” The aim of
this chapter is to examine the impact of crises on leadership virtues and express refections on the new
type of leadership in the new paradigmal period.
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-3006-2.ch006