Biharean Biologist (2010) Vol. 4, No.2, Pp.: 161-167
P-ISSN: 1843-5637, E-ISSN: 2065-1155 Article No.: 041121
©Biharean Biologist, Oradea, Romania, 2010 Biharean Biol. 4, 2010
http://biologie-oradea.xhost.ro/BihBiol/index.html Oradea, Romania
Production of virus free commercial potato mini-tuber by meristem culture
Taha ROODBAR-SHOJAEI
1
*, Mansoor OMIDI
2
, Niaz Ali SEPAHVAND
3
,
Abdollah MOHAMMADI
1
, Arash FAZELI
4
,
Roya MOTALLEBI-CHALESHTORI
5
and Abbas ABBASI-SAHEBI
6
1. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran.
2. Department of Agronomy and Crop Breeding, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
3. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran.
4. Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
5. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
6. Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
* Corresponding author, T.R. Shojaei, Email: tahashojaee2000@yahoo.com, Tel: +989161112856.
Abstract. Potatoes are one of the major vegetable crops that are grown world –wide. Therefore, evaluation of
varieties in production of virus free mini-tubers is critical. In this study the effects of different growth regulators
were evaluated on meristem culture and sub culture of four potato cultivars. The best medium for primary
establishment of meristem for Burren was MS medium containing 2 mgl
-1
GA3, for Agria was MS containing 2.5
mgl
-1
, for Marfona and Sante was MS containing 0.5 mgl
-1
KIN + 3 mgl
-1
GA3. The best media for subculture of virus
free plantlets of Burren, Agria and Marfona was semi-solid MS medium containing 1.5 mgl
-1
IBA + 0.5 mgl
-1
BA + 2
mgl
-1
GA3 and for Sante 0.5 mgl
-1
IBA + 1.5 mgl
-1
GA3. The DAS-ELISA test was conducted on the grown plantlet.
The effects of substrate combination including four planting bed in mini-tuber production were evaluated.
Keywords: potato, plant growth regulators, meristem culture, sub culture media,
substrate combination, mini-tuber.
Abbreviations: MS (Murashige and Skoog), BA (Butyric Acid), IBA (Indol Butyric Acid), NAA (Naphthalene
Acetic Acid), GA3 (Gibberlic Acid), BAP (6-Benzyl-Amino Purine), KIN (6-Furfuryl amino purine), DAS-
ELISA (double antibody sandwich ELISA), Completely Randomized Design (CRD).
Introduction
The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) originates from the
western hemisphere and the Andes mountain range in
South America (Woolf 1986). Potatoes are one of the
most important crops in the world today. It is
considered to be the most important vegetable crop and
is ranked fourth after rice, wheat and maize in terms of
total production of fresh weight (Tadesse 2000). It had
20 million hectares planting area in the world in 2005
and 324.49 million tons (FAO 2007) were produced. The
area under potato production in Iran is 189670 hectares
and produces 25763 kilograms per hectare (Anonymous
2005). In the common environment conditions the
potato is infected with 25 viruses and one viroid which
X, Y, A and S viruses have a large effect in potato
infection (Salazar 1996). Frequency of PVY and PLRV
are higher than PVS and PVX (Bostan & Haliloglu 2004).
Researchers reported that some viruses can decrease the
yield by 40% lonely and in combination with other
viruses the loss is 90% (Siddiqui et al. 1996). In Iran
many of the used tubers have virus infection, and a
virus free field is rarely found. The meristem in the
virus infection plants have a minimum concentration of
virus or are virus free and the best control method for
potato viruses is production of healthy plants from
meristem culture (Espinoza et al. 1992). The numerous
and different tissue culture methods were done in
potato as one of the first nutritional products (Wersuhn
& Dathe 1998).
These methods allow rapid multiplication of potato
clones (Ahloowalia 1994). White (1943) reported the first
production of virus free plantlets with tissue culture
method. He showed that mosaic virus concentration in
the old region of tomato roots is less than in the younger
region. Producing mini-tubers from in vitro plantlets
allows a faster multiplication rate in seed tuber pro-
duction programs and reduces the number of field