530 The 9th International Nursing Conference 2018 “Nurses at The Forefront in Transforming Care, Science, and research” Self-Care Adherence Experience in Patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Systematic Review R.A. Gabby Novikadarti Rahmah, Anita Dewi Anggraini, Ika Endah Kurniasih and Ratri Ismiwiranti Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia r.a.gabby.novikadarti.rahmah-2017@fkp.unair.ac.id, anita.dewianggraini@gmail.com, ikaendahkurniasih@gmail.com, ratri290386@gmail.com Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Adherence, Self-Care Abstract: Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease that cause its patient need a long life maintenance. Diabetes Mellitus management in daily life is a complex activity and need an understanding about medicines, healthy diet, physical activities, and glycemic control. All those things is a personal responsibility of patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. The objective of this systematic review was to describe the self-care adherence experience in patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Method: 15 best articles were found using PECOT framework in some databases; EBSCO, Science Direct, Scopus, and Journal of Universitas Airlangga. Those articles have been chosen based on some criteria. Result: Self-care therapeutic regiment for patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 are physical activities, diet, self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG), and glycemic control. But most of respondents were disobey the therapy caused by various factors. Depression is one of the reason. Conclusion: Nursing intervention was needed to increase self-care adherence in patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. 1 BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus is a hyperglycemia disease characterized by absolute absence of insulin or a relative decrease in insensitivity of cells to insulin. In people with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, there will be an increase in blood glucose (sugar), called hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia that lasts for a long time will cause serious damage to our body system, especially on the nerves and blood vessels. Therefore, it is important to control glucose levels in the blood of Diabetes Mellitus patients. In the study of Yamashita, Kart, & Noe (2012) it was mentioned that the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) in 2009 predicted an increase in the number of people with DM from 7 million in 2009 to 12 million by 2030. About 10% of adult Americans (age 20 years), or about 23.5 million adult Americans are diabetic, and 90 to 95% of them are people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Uncontrolled blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus will cause various complications, both acute and chronic. Diabetes Mellitus can be called “Long Life Disease” because it cannot be cured as long as the life span of the sufferer. So the patient requires "Long Life Maintenance" or long-term management. In his article Thompson (2014) revealed that diabetes management in everyday life is a complex activity and requires an understanding of medicines, a balanced diet, exercise, and blood sugar levels. Those are the personal responsibilities of a diabetic. The success of a treatment, both primary and secondary, is strongly influenced by adherence of Diabetes Mellitus patients to maintain their health. With good adherence, primary and secondary treatment can be performed optimally and the quality of health can be felt. The reason is that if people with diabetes do not have self-awareness to be obedient then it can cause failure in treatment which resulted in the decrease of health. Even due to disobedience in maintaining health, can affect the complications of Diabetes Mellitus and can lead to death. This lifelong disease of Diabetes Mellitus demands a new lifestyle change and a diabetic must be able to adapt himself to undergo a lifelong change. The research question was how the experience of self-care adherence in patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. The objective of this systematic review was to describe the self-care adherence experience in patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2.