Ali Belhocine et al./ Elixir Mech. Engg. 55A (2013) 13244-13250 13244
Introduction
The braking process is in fact the matter of energy balance.
The aim of braking system is to transform mechanical energy of
moving vehicle into the some other form, which results by
decreasing of the vehicle speed. The kinetic energy is
transformed into the thermal energy, by using the dry friction
effects and, after that, dissipated into the surroundings [1]. Have
developed for a few decades at intervals raised in many sectors
:nuclear power, space, aeronautics, automotive, petro chemistry,
etc [1].
In 2002, Nakatsuji et. al. [2] did a study on the initiation of
hair-like cracks which formed around small holes in the flange
of one-piece discs during overloading conditions. The study
showed that thermally induced cyclic stress strongly affects the
crack initiation in the brake discs. In order to show the crack
initiation mechanism, the temperature distribution at the flange
had to be measured. Using the finite element method, the
temperature distribution under overloading was analyzed. 3D
unsteady heat transfer analyses were conducted using ANSYS.
A 1/8 of the one piece disc was divided into finite elements, and
the model had a half thickness due to symmetry in the thickness
direction. In 2000, Valvano & Lee [3] did a study of the
technique to determine the thermal distortion of a brake rotor.
The severe thermal distortion of a brake rotor can affect
important brake system characteristics such as the system
response and brake judder propensity. As such, the accurate
prediction of thermal distortions can help in the designing of a
brake disc.
In 1997, Hudson & Ruhl [4] did a study of the air flow
through the passage of a Chrysler LH platform ventilated brake
rotor. Modifications to the production rotor’s vent inlet
geometry were prototyped and measured in addition to the
production rotor. Vent passage air flow was compared to
existing correlations. With the aid of Chrysler Corporation,
investigation of ventilated brake rotor vane air flow was
undertaken. The goal was to measure current vane air flow and
to improve this vane flow to increase brake disc cooling.
Temperature increases can strongly influence the properties of
the surface of materials in slip, support physicochemical and
microstructural transformations and modify the rheology of the
interface elements present in the contact [ 5 ]. Recent numerical
models, presented to deal with rolling processes [6,7] have
shown that the thermal gradients can attain important levels
which depend on the heat dissipated by friction, the rolling
speed and the heat convection coefficient .Many other works [8-
9] dealt with the evaluation of temperature in solids subjected to
frictional heating. The temperature distribution due to friction
process necessitates a good knowledge of the contact
parameters. In fact, the interface is always imperfect – due to the
roughness – from a mechanical and thermal point of view.
Recent theoretical and experimental works [10-11] have been
developed to characterize the thermal parameters which govern
the heat transfer at the vicinity of a sliding interface. In certain
industrial applications, the solids are provided with a surface
coating. A recent study has been carried out to analyze the effect
of surface coating on the thermal behavior of a solid subjected to
the friction process [12]. Increased thermal efficiency and the
integrity of materials in high-temperature environments is an
essential requirement in modem engineering structures in,
automotive, aerospace, nuclear, offshore, environmental and
other industries. Nowadays, the finite element method is used
regularly to obtain numerical solutions for heat transfer
problems. The most common choice when using finite elements
is a standard Galerkin formulation [13]
In this work, we will make a modeling of the
thermomechanical behavior of the dry contact between the disc
of brake pads at the time of braking phase, the strategy of
calculation is base on the software Ansys 11 [14]. This last is
elaborate mainly for the resolution of the complex physical
problems. The numerical simulation of the coupled transient
thermal field and stress field is carried out by sequentially
thermal-structurally coupled method based on Ansys.
Tele:
E-mail addresses: al.belhocine@yahoo.fr
© 2013 Elixir All rights reserved
Thermal- mechanical coupled analysis of a brake disc rotor
Ali Belhocine and Mostefa Bouchetara
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sciences and the Technology of Oran, L.P 1505 El -MNAOUER, USTO 31000
ORAN (Algeria)
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of this study is to analysis the thermomechanical behavior of the dry
contact between the brake disc and pads during the braking phase. The thermal-structural
analysis is then used coupling to determine the deformation and the Von Mises stress
established in the disc, the contact pressure distribution in pads. The results are satisfactory
when compared with those of the specialized literature.
© 2013 Elixir All rights reserved.
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received: 11 September 2012;
Received in revised form:
1 February 2013;
Accepted: 19 February 2013;
Keywords
Brake discs,
Heat flux,
Heat transfer coefficient,
Von Mises stress,
Contact pressure.
Elixir Mech. Engg. 55A (2013) 13244-13250
Mechanical Engineering
Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal)