Journal of International Dental and Medical Research ISSN 1309-100X Alendronate Effect in Rankl Concentration http://www.jidmr.com Marzella Mega Lestari and et al Volume ∙ 11 ∙ Number ∙ 3 ∙ 2018 Page 846 Alendronate Effect in RANKL Concentration at Ovariectomized Sprague Dawley Rat Marzella Mega Lestari 1 *, Dwi Nugroho Juanda 1 , Dewi Fatma Suniarti 2 , Dondin Sajuthi 3 1. Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia. 2. Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. 3. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia. Abstract In this study, we analyze the relationship between alendronate concentration and serum- RANKL concentration 24 Sprague Dawley female rats that had given birth, aged 5 months were performed bilateral ovariectomy. Rats were divided into four groups. Groups A, B, C were treated with subcutaneous injection 4 times per week with alendronate 0.08 ml, 0.29 ml, 0.58 ml. Group O were not given alendronate, and were categorized as control group. The RANKL concentration were measured quantitatively with Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) via blood sampling that were taken at before ovariectomy (day 0), prior to implantation (day 15), and intracardially after euthanasia (day 70). As the result from study above, high dosage of alendronate there was no decrease in RANKL concentration, but there was a significant change in RANKL concentration. thus the hypothesis that the higher the dose of alendronate the higher the decrease of RANKL cannot be accepted There is a relationship between high dosage of alendronate with the change in RANKL concentrations. The greatest RANKL changes were at concentrations of 35 mg (0.29 ml) and 70 mg (0.58 ml). Experimental article (J Int Dent Med Res 2018; 11(3): 846-849) Keywords: Alendronate, RANKL concentration, Osteoporosis, Implant. Received date: 16 April 2018 Accept date: 19 May 2018 Introduction Dental implant, as a substitute for missing teeth, has become a popular alternative for people all over the world. Implant users are generally middle-aged men or women with one or more missing teeth as well as edentulous jaws. There are several factors that affects the success of implant treatment, one of the most important factor is bone quality. Bone quality plays an important role in the success of osseointegration and alveolar bone retention in implants. 1-3 Osteoporosis is a common disease that is found in this middle-aged group. It is a slow growing disease and requires lengthy research to see the therapeutic response. Osteoporosis therapy varies, one of which is widely used is a group of bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonate are synthetic compounds extensively used for the treatment of systemic bone loss due to estrogen depletion. However, this drug has the side effects of osteonecrosis due to bisphosphonate (BON). 3 More than 90% of BON is found in patients with cancer and cases of metastatic bone disease who receive intravenous bisphosphonates. 2 Although oral bisphosphonate capability is 100 fold lower than intravenous use, the long-term of oral bisphosphonate usage will increases the risk of BON. 4-8 BON is usually associated with a nitrogen- containing bisphosphonate. Oral bisphosphonates such as alendronate is one of the most widely used drugs for osteoporosis therapy. Duration of use is a very important factor, evidenced by the presence of more than 50% of osteoporotic patients with BON although there are no additional risk factors such as chemotherapy, head neck irradiation, diabetes and joint treatment such as steroid use, smoking habits. 9,10 The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between alendronate concentration and serum-RANKL concentration. *Corresponding author: Marzella Mega Lestari Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia. E-mail: marzella_ml@hotmail.com