Radiation Measurements 43 (2008) 379 – 382
www.elsevier.com/locate/radmeas
Thermoluminescence properties of undoped and nitrogen-doped CVD
diamond exposed to gamma radiation
M. Barboza-Flores
a , *
, S. Gastélum
a
, E. Cruz-Zaragoza
b
, R. Meléndrez
a
, V. Chernov
a
,
M. Pedroza-Montero
a
, A. Favalli
c
a
Centro de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Apartado Postal 5-088, Hermosillo, Sonora 83190, México
b
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 70-543, México D.F. 04510, México
c
European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and the Security of the Citizen, TP800, Via E. Fermi, I-21020 Ispra, Italy
Abstract
It is known that the thermoluminescence (TL) performance of CVD diamond depends on the impurity concentration and doping materials
introduced during growing. We report on the TL properties of undoped and 750 ppm nitrogen-doped CVD diamond grown on (0 0 1) silicon
substrate. The samples were exposed to gamma radiation from a Gammacell 200 Nordion irradiator in the 10–500 Gy dose range at 627 mGy/min
dose rate. The nitrogen-doped CVD diamond sample exhibited a TL glow curve peaked around 537 K and a small shoulder about 411 K and
a linear dose behavior in the 10–60 Gy dose range. In contrast, the undoped specimen showed a 591 K peaked TL glow curve and linear dose
response for 10–100Gy doses. However, both samples displayed a non-linear dose response for doses higher than 100Gy. The doping effects
seem to cause a higher TL efficiency, which may be attributed to the differences in the diamond bonding and amorphous carbon on the CVD
samples as well as to the presence of nitrogen. In addition, the nitrogen content may produce some structural and morphological surface effects,
which may account for the distinctive TL features and dose response of the diamond samples.
© 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Thermoluminescence; CVD diamond films; Dosimetry
1. Introduction
Chemical vapour depositions (CVD) of diamond films are
considered excellent prospects for thermoluminescence (TL)
dosimetry involving ionizing and non-ionizing radiation fields.
There is reliable information related to the effect of doping im-
purities on the TL properties of diamond radiation detectors
(Nam et al., 1991; Keddy and Nam, 1993; Furetta et al., 1999).
Optimization of the TL properties depends on the type and con-
tent of doping incorporated into the CVD precursor gas during
growth of the diamond films. Impurity doping of CVD dia-
mond has been the subject of intensive research, where nitrogen
has drawn particular attention, mainly due to the effects of low
concentrations on improving the TL sensitivity and dose linear-
ity (Benabdesselam et al., 2001; Descamps et al., 2006). The
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +52 662 259 2156; fax: +52 662 212 6649.
E-mail address: mbarboza@cajeme.cifus.uson.mx (M. Barboza-Flores).
1350-4487/$ - see front matter © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.11.055
TL enhancing efficiency through doping incorporation is far of
being an obvious problem, since the TL of undoped CVD dia-
mond films are strongly dependent on the precursor gas com-
ponents and concentrations, substrate temperature, and other
instrumental parameter during film deposition. As a result, the
diamond film may develop very distinctive morphological and
structural defects, which will affect the charge trapping and the
thermally stimulated radiative recombination associated to the
TL phenomenon. In addition, nitrogen traces (few ppm)—even
in undoped material—may be present in the CVD diamond film
due to air leaks and reactants impurities.
In the present work, we present results on the TL properties
and dose behaviour of nitrogen-doped (750 ppm) and undoped
CVD diamond films exposed to gamma radiation in the range
of 10–500Gy. The same samples were previously examined
subjected to UV and beta radiation, and showed excellent TL
properties (Preciado-Flores et al., 2005, 2006). The results
point towards the advantage of having high quality CVD dia-
mond films, tissue equivalent, chemically inert, radiation hard,