INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH H. R. Mansouri et al., Vol.10, No.1, March, 2020 Using Game-Theory to Implement an IoT Re- Phasing Algorithm in Smart Grids HamidReza Mansouri* , Babak Mozafari* ‡ , Soodabeh Soleymani* , Hosein Mohammadnezhad* * Department of Electrical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (HAMIDREZA_MANSOORI@YAHOO.COM, MOZAFARI@SRBIAU.AC.IR, S.SOLEYMANI@SRBIAU.AC.IR, H- MOHAMADNEJAD@SRBIAU.AC.IR) ‡ Corresponding Author; Babak Mozafari, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98 9122776366, Fax: +98 2144868405,mozafari@srbiau.ac.ir Received: 23.01.2020 Accepted:29.02.2020 Abstract- The quickest solution towards having a smart grid especially with a strong telecommunication infrastructure is to integrate the conventional electricity meters with IoT services. In this paper, proposing a novel IoT based smart measuring and control systems a non-cooperative game model is developed to implement a sort of load balancing commands as a DR program activity. Depending on the level of the grid imbalanced current, all three phase customers can participate in and take actions from the smart re-phasing program which has been developed into the proposed algorithm. Telecommunications and sharing information between smart meters are essential to the algorithm because of its distributed structure which makes it computationally tractable. The proposed approach provides a new paradigm for modeling and sets different prices which are computed based on the neutral current value to all grids’ nodes. Re-phasing operations can be done where smart meters are installed and hence any customer can competitively participate in lowering neutral current of the network based on a market mechanism. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated through performing a number of simulations on a typical smart grid inclusive of 123 nodes and 1024 consumers. The results imply that the propose strategy poses a good and reliable properties in balancing distribution system, mitigating neutral currents as well as peak load reduction. Keywords: IoT, Load balancing, Re-phasing, Demand response, N-Person non-cooperative game. 1. Introduction In many countries a 3-phase four wire network is used to supply the required power of consumption loads. The consumers are often connected to the network through a single phase service. Distribution system operators make a great effort to equitably distribute all customers among three phases of the system in order to minimize the imbalanced current passing to the neutral wire. However, the loads are not always identical in their types and the consumption patterns among electricity customers are different. These are some main reasons a power distribution system is usually operated in an unbalanced condition; furthermore, asymmetrical distribution grid structure can worsen the unbalanced power conditions. These factors are the origins of various problems such as unequal occupying grid’s serving capacity among three phases, increasing voltage unbalances, increasing power losses and making some equipment overloaded. Therefore, lower loaded phases have to follow the heaviest loaded phase limits, such as the maximum loading and protection criteria. On the other hand, being power loss proportional to square of current, balancing feeders would significantly lead to power loss reduction. Obviously, by mitigating neutral current, power loss in neutral conductors is also dramatically reduced. As the distribution loads are mostly single-phase, the majority of them could be a connection-point changeable among three phases. In some papers, the traditional phase assigning methods have been studied [1]. It introduced a model of using mixed integer linear programming for phase swapping involving nodal and lateral connections. The re-phasing combination produces a huge number of possible states; therefore, optimization algorithms with search-based methods are well suited. Suggesting heuristic optimization load balancing methods has been done using genetic algorithm in [2] and Immune algorithm in [3]. [2] clarifies the existence of a high neutral current brings out difficulties for the detection of earth faults by the protective relays, ergo implements an NSGA-II application for the re-phasing. In [3], a re-phasing strategy is evaluated by an immune