American Journal of Medical Case Reports, 2014, Vol. 2, No. 9, 187-193
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajmcr/2/9/7
© Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/ajmcr-2-9-7
Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis Associated with
Astrocytoma, Mantle Lymphoma and Hepatitis B Virus
Infection
Mahmoud Ibrahim Yousef Elbadry
*
, Ahmed Othman Ahmed Emam
Department of Internal Medicine, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
*Corresponding author: mahmoudibrahem83@yahoo.com
Received September 05, 2014; Revised September 16, 2014; Accepted September 22, 2014
Abstract Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a lifelong, rare autosomal recessive genetic hereditary skin
disorder characterized by a unique susceptibility to human papilloma virus, associated with a high risk of malignant
transformation. The disseminated verrucous lesions and pityriasis versicolor-like lesions persist from early childhood
and can transform into a cutaneous malignancy in a fourth of patients. No definitive treatment against
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis has been found yet. Extracutaneous cancers reported in Epidermodysplasia
verruciformis are intestinal adenocarcinoma, plasmablastic lymphoma and leiomyosarcoma. Mantle cell lymphoma
is uncommon under the age of 40 years and rare in patients under the age of 30 years. Here we are reporting a 19
year male patient with Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, astrocytoma and pulmonary tuberculosis who presented
with symptoms of weight loss, indigestion and burning epigastric pain four months duration, Upper GIT endoscopy
showed a gastric mass with active peptic ulcers. Biopsy revealed Mantle cell lymphoma. We investigated further and
found to have immunodeficiency and hepatitis B virus infection. EV patients should receive regular follow-up for
possible cutaneous or extracutaneous malignancy.
Keywords: Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, Astrocytoma, Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell, Human papillomavirus DNA
Tests, Hepatitis B virus
Cite This Article: Mahmoud Ibrahim Yousef Elbadry, and Ahmed Othman Ahmed Emam,
“Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis Associated with Astrocytoma, Mantle Lymphoma and Hepatitis B Virus
Infection.” American Journal of Medical Case Reports, vol. 2, no. 9 (2014): 187-193. doi: 10.12691/ajmcr-2-9-7.
1. Background
Lewandowsky and Lutz dysplasia which also called as
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is an extremely
rare autosomal recessive genetic hereditary skin disorder
associated with a high risk of malignant transformation [1].
It has no racial or geographic predilection, but increased
incidence in consanguineous marriages [2]. It is
characterized by abnormal susceptibility to human
papilloma viruses (HPVs) of the skin [3]. The resulting
uncontrolled HPV infections result in the growth of scaly
macules and papules, particularly on the hands and feet. It
is typically associated with HPV types 5 and 8 which are
found in about 80 percent of the normal population as
asymptomatic infections [4,5]. The condition usually has
an onset between the ages of 1–20, but can occasionally
present in middle-age without gender predisposition [6]. It
is named after the physicians who first documented it,
Felix Lewandowsky and Wilhelm Lutz [7].
Carcinogenic cofactors, such as ultraviolet ray
irradiation, decreased the cell mediated immunity and
impaired DNA repair are probably involved in the
progression from benign warts (verrucae) to cancer
[8,9,10,11].
Malignant transformation of skin lesions, particularly
squamous cell carcinoma has been observed in more than
half the patients followed for 20-30 years. Malignant
tumors are typically found after age 30 years, usually
during the fourth and fifth decades of life [12,13].
No definitive treatment for EV has been found yet.
Treatment of EV includes preventive measures, the most
important of which are the strict sun protection and life-
long observation for early diagnosis of malignant/
premalignant lesions for improved survival. Acitretin (0.5-
1 mg/ day) is the effective and the palliative drug of
choice [14].
We report this young patient who had Astrocytoma,
pulmonary tuberculosis, Mantle cell lymphoma, Hepatitis
B Virus infection and immunodeficiency after the
previous diagnoses of EV represent an interesting
uncommon occurrence of these diseases together.
2. Case Report
A 19-year-old orphan boy, born to second-degree
consanguineous parents, he had been well until 6 years of
age when his mother found multiple asymptomatic dark
colored and light colored lesions over the neck and trunk.
At the age of 8 years, a prominent, persistent dark raised