Effect of Silica Morphology on the Structure of Hard-
Templated, Non-Precious Metal Catalysts for Oxygen
Reduction
Jacob Anibal
1
, Henry G. Romero
2
, Nathaniel D. Leonard
1
, Cenk Gumeci
1
, Barr Halevi
2
, Scott
Calabrese Barton
1*
1
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, MI 48824(USA)
2
Pajarito Powder, Albuquerque, NM 87102 (USA)
Abstract
With extensive development over the past ten years, non-precious metal (NPM) catalysts
have become promising alternatives to platinum catalysts in fuel cell cathodes, but have been
challenged by severe transport limitations. Hard template synthesis, also called the sacrificial
support method, promises to improve transport properties introducing a sacrificial template to
form mesopores. To further understand hard template transport properties, the relationship
between template morphology, resulting catalyst pore structure, and overall fuel cell
performance was investigated. Porous carbon materials and catalysts were synthesized using four
different silica templates. Nitrogen physisorption and scanning electron microscopy were used to
characterize pore diameter and morphology. The catalysts displayed pores approximately half the
diameter of the template particles, and a geometric model is proposed to describe pore collapse.
Catalyst electrochemical performance was characterized in membrane electrode assemblies using
*
Corresponding Author. E-mail: scb@msu.edu (Scott Calabrese Barton), tel: +1-517-355-0222
© 2016. This manuscript version is made available under the Elsevier user license
http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/