www.ijpub.org © 2018 IJCRT | Volume 6, Issue 1 March 2018 | ISSN: 2320-2882
IJPUB1801304 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijpub.org 1897
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF BARA TEHSIL OF
ALLAHABAD DISTRICT THROUGH CARTOSAT-1
DEM DATA
Deeksha Mishra
1
, B.N. Singh
2
, Dhiroj Kumar Behera
3
1
Phd scholar, Department of Geography, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India and
Former trainee in National Remote Sensing Centre, ISRO, Balanagar, Hyderabad, India.
2
Professor, Department of Geography, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
3
Scientist SC, National Remote Sensing Centre, ISRO, Balanagar, Hyderabad, India.
Abstract: Morphometric analysis of Bara tehsil of Allahabad district is carried out to understand the hydrological
behavior for assessing ground water potential, water resource management, hazard reduction, flood control etc.
CARTOSAT-1 DEM data is major data source for extracting drainage network and for delineating Yamuna basin, Tons
basin & all the 8 watershed belongs to both basin. Arc-hydro tool of ArcGIS software version 10.2.2 has been used for
generating different thematic layers & attribute tables. Raster calculator and excel sheet is used for calculating linear,
areal and relief parameters of drainage basin. The obtained result indicates that Yamuna and Tons river basin have 6
th
and 5
th
order stream respectively, both have dendritc drainage pattern with moderate to good infiltration due to low
sloppy terrain
IndexTerms - CARTOSAT-1 DEM, Arc-hydro tool, Morphometric analysis.
1. INTRODUCTION
Morphometric analysis is the measurement and mathematical analysis of the configuration, shape, form and structure of
the drainage basins along with their associated networks described by their morphometric parameters (Clark, 1966).
Morphometric parameters comprises linear, areal and relief parameter which incorporates quantitative measurement of stream
segment like; stream length, stream order, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, texture ratio, elongation ratio etc.
(Horton, 1945). These morphometric parameters are not only indicators of structural influence on drainage development but also
used to assess surface & ground water potentiality of the basins through surface runoff and infiltration ratio of the basins and to
locate suitable sites for construction of artificial recharge structures (Avinash et al., 2011). Morphometric parameters are very
useful for identification of deficit and surplus groundwater zones (Yadav et al.,2014). Geospatial technology is increasingly being
used for deriving morphometric parameters of drainage basins throughout the world (Lyew-Ayee et al., 2007). Hence in the
present study all important morphometric parameters are derived from thematic layers and calculated accurately to infer the
hydrological behavior of study area in arc-gis environment.
2. STUDY AREA
Bara tehsil comprises of Jasra and Shankargarh development block, which represents transition zone between the plain
of Yamuna and uplands of the Vindhyan region. It is situated in the south western part of Allahabad district, Uttar Pradesh, India
(fig. 1). It lies between 25
0
2’30’’- 25
0
22’30’’ N latitude and 81
0
31’- 81
0
50’ E longitude with total extent of 729.45 km
2
. The
plains of Yamuna and Tons river has low elevation (-7 to 33 m) than the North-western part of Bara tahsil. The above said plain is
occupied by rocks of Kaimur group and have highest elevation ranges from 46 m to 129 m. The study area has tropical monsoon
type of climate which is characterized by cool, dry, invigorating winter and scorching & dusty summer. Annual temperature range
of the study area is 8.93
0
C to 41.48
0
C and maximum rainfall occurs during monsoon period i.e. 240.82 mm. It is a backward
region endowed by low agricultural productivity, stone quarrying and ceramic industry due to presence of red sand stone, glass
sand and quartz minerals which belongs to the Vindhyan super group (GSI, 2001). Population statistics of study area discloses
that 51.22 % population is supported by Jasra block with only 34.05 % area of Bara tehsil whereas 48.72 % population is
supported by Shankargarh block with 65.95 % area of Bara tehsil. Both blocks of study area facing water scarcity problem hence
study of morphometric analysis is important for water resource management.
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Drainage network of study area is extracted from the CARTOSAT-1 DEM data having 2.5 m spatial resolution acquired
in 2013. It is downloaded from the website of USGS earthexplorer (https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov) . The delineation of Yamuna
and Tons river basin, with its 8 watershed along with drainage network, is based on thematic layers such as fill, flow direction,
flow accumulation, stream to feature etc. (fig. 2). These thematic layers are generated from CARTOSAT-1 DEM data and
processed through ArcHydro tool of ArcGis software v 10.2.2. Further, attribute table, containing stream length, basin area, basin
perimeter, basin relief etc. has been generated and other morphometric parameters has been computed at watershed level through
raster calculator & excel-sheet using the morphometric formulas listed in table 1.