Variasi Maksud Kata Emotif “Wela”.....
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©2020, Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, 9(2),
VARIASI MAKSUD KATA EMOTIF “WELA” DALAM BAHASA JAWA:
PERSPEKTIF SOSIOPRAGMATIK
Meaning Variations of Javanese Emotive Word “wela”:
A Sociopragmatics Perspective
R. Kunjana Rahardi
Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta
kunjana.rahardi@gmail.com
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan variasi manifestasi maksud kata emotif “wela” dalam bahasa Jawa.
Data penelitian berupa cuplikan-cupkikan tuturan yang di dalamnya terkandung variasi maksud kata emotif
“wela”. Sumber data substantifnya adalah tuturan keseharian warga masyarakat perdesaan yang di dalamnya
terdapat manifestasi variasi maksud kata emotif “wela”. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode simak dan cakap.
Metode simak dilakukan dengan teknik rekam dan catat. Metode cakap dilaksanakan dengan teknik cakap
semuka dan cakap tansemuka. Langkah selanjutnya adalah identifikasi data, klasifikasi data, dan tipifikasi data.
Data yang telah ditipe-tipekan lalu dikenai metode dan teknik analisis data, tetapi sebelumnya ditriangulasikan
terlebih dahulu kepada pakar. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode analisis padan ekstralingual. Melalui
penelitian ini telah ditemukan enam maksud kata emotif “wela”dalam bahasa Jawa, yakni maksud: (1)
menunjukkan maksud keterkejutan, (2) menunjukkan maksud pembelaan, (3) menunjukkan maksud
mengingatkan, (4) menunjukkan maksud keheranan, (5) menenunjukkan maksud kelegaan untuk bersyukur, dan
(6) menunjukkan maksud kekecewaan.
Kata-kata Kunci: Kata-kata emotif, makna pragmatik, bahasa Jawa, sosiopragmatik
Abstract
This study aims to describe manifestation of the variations of meanings of the emotive word “wela” in Javanese
language. The research data were in the form of snippets of utterances which contain variations of meanings of
the Javanese emotive word “wela”. The source of the substantive data was the daily speech of villagers in which
there were manifestations of variations in the meaning of the emotive word “wela”. The data were collected
using the observation and interview method. The observation method was done by using the recording and note-
taking technique. The interview method was carried out with the face-to-face interview and the indepth
interviewing techniques. The next step is the data identification, data classification, and data typification. Data
that had been typified were then subjected to data analysis methods and techniques, but previously triangulated
to the experts. Data analysis was performed using extralingual equivalent analysis method. Through this
research, six meanings of the emotive word “wela” have been found in Javanese language, namely: (1) showing
the intention of surprise, (2) showing the intention of defense, (3) showing the intention of reminding, (4)
showing the intention of surprise, (5) shows the intention of relief to give thanks, and (6) shows the intention of
disappointment.
Keywords: Emotivel words, pragmatics meaning, Javanese language, sociopragmatics
How to Cite: Rahardi, R. Kunjana. (2020). Variasi Maksud Kata Emotif “Wela” dalam Bahasa Jawa:
Perspektif Sosiopragmatik. Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa. 9(2). 246—259.
doi: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v9i2.2937
Naskah Diterima Tanggal 3 Maret 2020—Direvisi Akhir Tanggal 13 Oktober 2020—Disetujui Tanggal 15 November 2020
doi: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v9i2.2937