Research Article A Conceptual Model for Blockchain-Based Agriculture Food Supply Chain System Ibtisam Ehsan, 1 Muhammad Irfan Khalid , 1 Laura Ricci, 2 Jawaid Iqbal, 3 Amerah Alabrah, 4 SyedSajidUllah , 5 andTahaM.Alfakih 6 1 Department of Information Technology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan 2 Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 3 Department of Software Engineering, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan 4 Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia 5 Department of Information and Communication Technology, University of Agder, N-4898 Grimstad, Norway 6 Faculty of Engineering and Information Technically, Aljanad University for Science and Technology, Taiz, Yemen Correspondence should be addressed to Syed Sajid Ullah; syed.s.ullah@uia.no and Taha M. Alfakih; talfakih@just.edu.ye Received 28 December 2021; Accepted 1 February 2022; Published 28 February 2022 Academic Editor: Punit Gupta Copyright © 2022 Ibtisam Ehsan et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In agriculture supply chain management, traceability is a crucial aspect to ensure food safety for increasing customer loyalty and satisfaction. Lack of quality assurance in centralized data storage makes us move towards a new approach based on a decentralized system in which transparency and quality assurance is guaranteed throughout the supply chain from producer to consumer. e current supply chain model has some disadvantages like a communication gap between the entities of the supply chain and no information about the travel history and origin of the product. e use of technology improves the communication and relation between various farmers and stakeholders. Blockchain technology acquires transparency and traceability in the supply chain, provides transaction records traceability, and enhances security for the whole supply chain. In this paper, we present a blockchain- based, fully decentralized traceability model that ensures the integrity and transparency of the system. is new model eliminated most of the disadvantages of the traditional supply chain. For the coordination of all transactions in the supply chain, we proposed a decentralized supply chain model along with a smart contract. 1.Introduction Agriculture is a need for the majority of people worldwide to survive [1]. Improvements in agriculture productivity and quality, adequate marketing infrastructure, and assistance, and efficient food management are all prerequisites for agriculture growth [2]. Food safety appears to be an essential aspect that both producers and consumers are concerned about. Transparency in supply chains helps to improve the procedures engaged in manufacturing [3]. Traceability is also crucial as it allows us to determine the product’s origin, including data such as the producer, harvesting and pro- duction dates, and so on. To meet the growing demands, the agricultural system has to be vastly improved [4]. To address the complicated agricultural issues, advanced technologies are being developed. Blockchain is the most recent addition to these technologies. A cryptographic hash is the base of blockchain technology. It is a transaction ledger system that is decentralized and immutable [5]. is guarantees that the user’s transactions and identity can never be affected. If a forged transaction takes place, the decentralized mining mechanism will prevent it from entering the encrypted chain [6]. e supply chain logistics industry is the most visible implementation of blockchain technology [7]. In the field of logistics, blockchain moves ahead with a lot of options re- garding the shipment of data. Every product or item can be Hindawi Scientific Programming Volume 2022, Article ID 7358354, 15 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7358354