614
Disability & Rehabilitation, 2013; 35(7-8): 614–622
© 2013 Informa UK, Ltd.
ISSN 0963-8288 print/ISSN 1464-5165 online
DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2012.705218
Purpose: This paper describes a participatory research process
in which six youth with disabilities (Youth Panel) participated
in the development and evaluation of a manualized advocacy
training, Project TEAM (Teens making Environment and Activity
Modifications). Project TEAM teaches youth with disabilities
how to identify environmental barriers, generate solutions,
and request accommodations. Method: The Youth Panel
conducted their evaluation after the university researcher
implemented Project TEAM with three groups of trainees.
The Youth Panel designed and administered a survey and
focus group to evaluate enjoyment and usefulness of Project
TEAM with support from an advocate/researcher. Members
of the Youth Panel analyzed survey response frequencies. The
advocate/researcher conducted a content analysis of the open-
ended responses. Results: Sixteen of 21 Project TEAM trainees
participated in the evaluation. The evaluation results suggest
that the trainees found the interactive and individualized
aspects of the Project TEAM most enjoyable and useful. Some
instructional materials were difficult for trainees with cognitive
disabilities to understand. Conclusions: The Youth Panel’s
involvement in the development of Project TEAM may explain
the relatively positive experiences reported by trainees. Project
TEAM should continue to provide trainees with the opportunity
to apply concepts in real-life situations. Project TEAM requires
revisions to ensure it is enjoyable and useful for youth with a
variety of disabilities.
Keywords: Advocacy, Participatory Action Research (PAR),
young adults
Introduction
Incorporating youth perspectives into the development and
evaluation of rehabilitation approaches gives valuable insight
into the quality of services and can enhance programme
efectiveness [1–5]. When professionals design interventions,
they may make incorrect assumptions about the efective-
ness of the techniques utilized and the importance of the
topics addressed [6]. When interventions are not acceptable
or important to stakeholders, translation of knowledge to
practise is not likely [7]. Involving youth with disabilities in
the development of new rehabilitation approaches from the
“ground up” may increase the likelihood that other youth will
fnd the interventions enjoyable and useful.
A growing body of literature suggests the limited
participation of youth with disabilities in home, education
and the community is due to barriers in the physical and
social environment [8–10]. Yet, to date, there has been limited
translation of this knowledge to practise, and the primary focus
of rehabilitation continues to be changing the young person
instead of the environment [11,12]. A few exceptions can be
found: rehabilitation practitioners have several environmental-
focused assessments available for use in practice [13–16] and
REHABILITATION IN PRACTICE
Involving youth with disabilities in the development and evaluation of
a new advocacy training: Project TEAM
Jessica Kramer, Yishai Barth, Katie Curtis, Kit Livingston, Madeline O’Neil, Zach Smith,
Samantha Vallier & Ashley Wolfe
Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
Correspondence: Jessica Kramer, Department of Occupational Terapy, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Tel: 617-353-2702. E-mail: kramerj@bu.edu
• Group process strategies, picture-based data collec-
tion materials, peer teamwork, and mentorship from
adults with disabilities can enable youth with disabili-
ties to engage in research.
• Collaborating with youth with disabilities in the
development of new rehabilitation approaches may
enhance the relevance of interventions for other youth
with disabilities.
• Youth with cognitive disabilities participating in advo-
cacy and environment-focused interventions may
prefer interactive and experiential learning activities
over passive teaching approaches such as powerpoints
and videos.
Implications for Rehabilitation
(Accepted June 2012)