International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-9 Issue-3, February 2020 3605 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: C6208029320 /2020©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.C6208.029320 Furtherance in Splicing Technique of Optical Fiber Communication Jayant R. Nandwalkar, Dnyandeo J. Pete Abstract: The improvement in technology over long distance communication using optical fiber has been regulated over past few decades, and it took drastic enhancement in one of the major parameter for joining two OFC cable (splicing). The different experiments performed in order to bring about the result that can give nearly 0dB splice loss when there is shifting of entire set up of Optical Fiber Communication. The splicing loss is created by the joining of two SMF using fiber optic fusion splicing. The objective of this paper is to determine the low splice loss in joining two single mode or multimode optical fiber, such that long distance communication that required multiple infrastructure assembly for its operational unit can be made re- locatable as there is large investment and material and electronic circuitry is associated to it. Therefore to reduce that cost we have sets of analysis that splicing loss can be reduced to 0dB for SMF- SMF end face connection or at least no improvement in splice losses while relocation of OFC infrastructure from one place to other place as the result of the tested experiment. Based on experiment conducted we came to conclusion that with essential requirements for establishing a low-loss and high-speed communication line using optical fibers, the need for quality of splicing technology along with perfect core alignment angle is required to reduce splice loss, such that the infrastructure can be shifted to many different location without any additional cost of new material and new resources. The exact measurement of splice loss can be insured by another set of formula which we came across during the experimental performance. Index Terms— optical fiber communication (OFC), fusion splicing, loss measurement, single mode fiber (SMF), fiber loss and distance estimate. I. INTRODUCTION In the late 18 th century the optical communication came to an existence for more efficient and accurate communication by the French inventor. In the month of April 1977 testing deployment of the world's first live telephone traffic through a fiber-optic system was introduced that has speed running at 6 Mbps. Later it followed in invention of the Bell in May 1977, with an optical telephone communication system installed in the downtown area, covering a distance of 1.5 miles (2.4 kilometers). Each optical-fiber pair carried the equivalent of 672 voice channels and was equivalent to a DS3 circuit. Today more than 80 percent of the world's long-distance voice and data traffic is carried over optical- fiber cables that are connecting the global world faster (5 th Generation Technology) than ever expected [7]. Revised Manuscript Received on February 27, 2020. Jayant R. Nandwalkar, Research Scholar (Student Member, IEEE, DMCE), , Department of Electronics Engineering, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Sector-3, Plot-98, Airoli, Navi Mumbai. 400708 University of Mumbai, Maharashtra State, India Dnyandeo J. Pete Professor & Head, Department of Electronics Engineering, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Sector-3, Plot-98, Airoli, Navi Mumbai. 400708 University of Mumbai, Maharashtra State, India Optical fiber communication system is similar in basic concept to any type of communication system. A block schematic of a general communication is the building blocks circuit of which is to convey the signal from the information source over the transmission medium to the destination. Optical Fiber Communication System. Electrical Receive Destination Optical Detector Information Source Electrical Transmit Optical Source Optical Fiber Cable Fig.1 Block Diagram of OFC System The communication system therefore consists of a transmitter or modulator linked to the information source, the transmission medium, and a receiver or demodulator at the destination point. During 1970-1985 the transmission loss along with splice loss was taken into consideration to improve the life span, accuracy and protection of the SMF joints. The new technology, splicing technology in fusion splicing was discussed with few bench marks set for further expansion in optical network infrastructure and many new emerging field [1]. The further enhancement the splicing structure, core alignment there was certain range of frequency bandwidth was determine with respect to cutting angle position of two SMF to avoid miss alignment[2]-[4]. The standard related to optical fiber splicing and splice loss measurement were not appropriate for certain range and standard range methods and specification were involved with SMF-SMF to match the previous sets to keep track on the progress [3]. There always a chance of misalignment in core diameter adjustment, angle of face side of splice which is need to precise in order to obtain accurate result which can be effected by many certain parameters like altitude, slope, marshy region, might affect the splice loss [5]. Material used for optical fiber cable is glass silica or plastic with very small diameter like as hair. Optical fiber is mean of transfer of light signal from one end to other end of fiber. Visible light lasers are used to test continuity of fiber called as visual continuity testing method, using which one can detect or breaks or cracks in fiber. Optical Return Loss (ORL) or Overall Return Losses (ORL) is actually the total amount of light reflected from break or discontinuity of fiber. For this measurement ORL meter can be used.