~ 32 ~ American Journal of Essential Oils and Natural Products 2015; 2(4): 32-34 ISSN: 2321 9114 AJEONP 2015; 2(4): 32-34 © 2015 AkiNik Publications Received: 10-05-2015 Accepted: 15-05-2015 Farukh S. Sharopov Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg, Germany William N. Setzer Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville Huntsville, AL 35899, USA Salomiddin J. Isupov Tajik State Medical University Rudaki str. 139, 734025, Dushanbe, Tajikistan Michael Wink Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg, Germany Correspondence: Michael Wink Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg, Germany Composition and bioactivity of the essential oil of Tanacetum parthenium from a wild population growing in Tajikistan Farukh S. Sharopov, William N. Setzer, Salomiddin J. Isupov, Michael Wink Abstract The essential oil of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz-Bip. was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (GLC-MS). Eight components were identified representing 99.8% of total oil composition. The major components were camphor (69.7- 94.0%), camphene (1.7-12.2%), and bornyl acetate (4.2-8.7%). According to DPPH and ABTS analyses the volatile oil had an antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 4.82 and 0.96 mg/ml, respectively. Lipid peroxidation was inhibited by 37.1% by 1.125 mg/ml oil. The cytotoxicity of the oil was tested against HeLa, CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000 cancer cell lines: IC50 values were 158.6 µg/ml for HeLa, 69.5 µg/ml for CCRF-CEM, and 83.9 µg/ml for CEM/ADR5000 cell lines. The essential oil of T. parthenium inhibits soybean 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) with an IC50 value of 21.6 mg/ml indicating a low anti- inflammatory activity. Keywords: Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz-Bip., essential oil, camphor, chemotype, antioxidant, cytotoxicity. 1. Introduction Feverfew, Tanacetum parthenium L. Schultz-Bip., is a member of the daisy family (Asteraceae); it has more than ten synonyms commonly used in the literature including Chrysanthemum parthenium and Pyrethrum parthenium. This herb is native to Eurasia and cultivated widely around the world. Feverfew is an old medicinal plant which has traditionally been used for reducing fever, women's ailments, inflammatory conditions, psoriasis, toothache, insect bites, rheumatism, asthma and stomachache [1-3] . It has been increasingly employed for the treatment of migraine [3] . Feverfew is an aromatic plant that is rich in essential oil. A number of studies have addressed the chemical composition of its essential oil [4-9] . According to these reports the essential oils which had been collected from different locations differed in their chemical profile. Two distinct chemotypes have been identified; one with camphor/chrysanthenyl acetate and the other with camphor/camphene as main constituents. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemistry of the essential oil of T. parthenium from a wild population growing in Tajikistan in Central Asia. Furthermore, its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, and cytotoxicity were investigated. A literature review indicated that there are no previous reports on the composition or bioactivity of the essential oil of T. parthenium from Tajikistan. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1 Plant Material Aerial parts of T. parthenium were collected from the Chormaghzak village, Yovon region, Tajikistan, 1300 m above sea level, (38 o 24׳45, 68 o 10׳24) during its flowering season on 17 July 2012 and 8 June 2013. Plants were authenticated by Prof. S. Isupov and compared with the deposited voucher specimen in the herbarium of the Institute of Botany, Plant Physiology and Genetics of the Tajikistan Academy of Sciences. 2.2 Oil Collection Air-dried samples were crushed and 300 g were hydrodistilled for 3 hours according to the standard procedure of “a steam distillation technique” described in the Pharmacopoeia [10] . The yield of essential oil was 0.1-0.2%.