Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(7): 1510-1512 1510 Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.181 Congenital Arthrogryposis and Bilateral Shoulder Flexion in Murrah Buffalo Calf: A Case Report A. K. Ahuja * , H. Singh, M. Honparkhe and S. Singhal Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab-141004, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Introduction Arthrogryposis is a common congenital defect that affects the joints of forelimbs and hind limbs, leading to fixation and immobilisation (Sprake, 2015; Andersson et al., 2008). This abnormality was described more in calves, lambs, piglets and foals and seldom in goats, cats, dogs and human beings (Devi Prasad et al., 2010; Shahrokhi and Gharib, 2011). Various breeds of cattle such as Hereford, Holstein-Friesian, Guernsey, Jersey, Ayshire and Brown Swiss have genetic predisposition to this condition (Hartley et al., 1974; Greene et al., 1973). Arthrogryposis occurs mainly due to an alkaloid toxin that acts on the musculoskeletal system leading to permanent joint contracture in forelimbs and/or hind limbs (Shupe et al., 1967a). The affected limbs cannot be straightening out (Hartley et al., 1974; Sprake, 2015) and may include incorrect articular arrangement or rotational irregularity. The defect is mostly seen as bilateral in the fore limbs and less often in the hind limbs. With the advancing age of calf the condition of arthrogryposis deteriorates due to secondary effects caused by increased stress of weight gain and increased movement of animal (Keeler et al., 1969; Shupe et al., 1967b). History and clinical signs A Murrah buffalo in its 4 th parity was presented to clinics with the history of straining since 12 hours. The animal had surpassed the 1 st stage of labour. The clinical International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 1510-1512 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Arthrogryposis is a common inherited deformity characterized by contracture of tendons and fixation of joints. In the present case, a pluriparous buffalo was presented in the clinics with the history of straining from 12 hours. After performing the caesarean section, a dead male buffalo calf was delivered with bilateral arthrogryposis of carpel joint and fetlock joint in both the forelimb and fetlock joint in both the hind limb, respectively. Keywords Arthrogryposis, Congenital, Shoulder flexion, Calf. Accepted: 19 June 2017 Available Online: 10 July 2017 Article Info