34 MANet vs VANet- The Applications & Challenges Mehreen Qamar, Fouzia Samiullah, Sowaiba Khan, Aqsa Iftikhar, Aneela Mehmood, Raeena Touqir Abstract: Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANet) and Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANet) have evolved into one of the very capable fields of research work in wireless networking. VANet is termed as a stimulating form of MANet owing to its highly erratic dynamic topology, frequently occurring disconnections and life- threatening issues. This paper is a comparative review of MANet, VANet and their applications along with challenges. KEYWORDS: Wireless ad hoc network, Mobile Ad hoc network (MANet), Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANet). Mehreen et al LGURJCSIT 2019 LGU Research Jounral for Computer Sciences & IT ISSN: 2521-0122 (Online) ISSN: 2519-7991 (Print) 1. INTRODUCTION A wireless ad hoc network is a collection of wireless nodes that do not require any centralized management. In Ad-hoc approach, you can configure a wireless connection personally with another device (mainly computers) without being compelled to connect to Wi-Fi or a router. These ad hoc networks, mostly comprising of laptops or other mobile nodes are self-monitored and are often set-up during adversity relief, emergency situations, distribution of data and military maneuvers for timely or on-going communication. Since the last century, MANet has evolved into one of the main features of the revolutionary wireless communications. MANet holds a lot of things to focus on such as its dynamic topology, inadequate security surrounding its mobility, energy and power restrictions. A type of MANet which provides communication amongst nearby vehicles and adjoining fixed roadside communication towers [1, 2] is a VANet. The key idea behind the setup of a VANet is to provide travelers with security and convenience services. Each vehicle is coupled with a VANet device capable of accepting and communicating wireless communications including traffic data, highway blockages, parking, location tracking and weather stats [1, 3]. This paper is organized on the basic concepts of MANet and VANet, their functionalities in different areas and challenges along with a comparison between these two ad hoc networks. 2. BASIC CONCEPT 2.1. Basic Concept of MANet An assembly of wireless nodes that are connected to each other and tend to dynamically arrange at anyplace or anytime form a Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANet). Providing each device with the appropriate information for enabling secure routing, is the most challenging aspect in forming a MANet. MANet offer numerous compensations over conventional networks including reduced expenses for infrastructure, ease of setting up and fault tolerance, as routing is achieved independently by nodes using other transitional network nodes to forward packets, this multi-hopping diminishes the possibility of blockages, however the key feature of MANet that appeals to the population is better mobility in contrast with other wired solutions. The security Vol. 3 Issue 3, July - September 2019 LGU Research Jounral for Computer Sciences & IT 3(3) LGURJCSIT