International Journal of Constructive Research in Civil Engineering (IJCRCE) Volume 3, Issue 4, 2017, PP 1-10 ISSN 2454-8693 (Online) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-8693.0304001 www.arcjournals.org International Journal of Constructive Research in Civil Engineering (IJCRCE) Page | 1 Bivariate Relationship between Passive Energy Parameters and Active Energy Utilization for Comfort in Public Buildings in Southwestern Nigeria Lawal, A. F, Akinbami, J-F. K, Akinpade J.A and Makinde, F.A. 1 Department of Project Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure. Ondo State. Nigeria 2 Department of Building Technology, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. Oyo State. Nigeria 2 Department of Building Technology, Osun State College of Technology, Esa Oke, Osun State. Nigeria 1. INRODUCTION Heat radiation from sun penetrates the inner space of the buildings through all fabrics, roofs and openings in walls. When the design (orientation, spatial organization, vegetation, shape and size, the site, ventilation, size and types of windows and material selection) of a building is not energy conscious or climate responsive in such a way that it cannot utilize the passive energy to provide visual and thermal comfort for the inhabitants, it becomes necessary to use active energy to provide the comfort. Active energy in terms of electricity can now be used to run electric fans and air- conditioners to meet the required thermal comfort and additional electric light to meet the visual comfort. The attainment of a high level of comfort in buildings (residential and public) depends a great deal on the amount of solar radiation excluded from the interior spaces Ajibola, (2011). Design considerations determining human health, comfort and well being in a building should aim at preventing penetration of direct solar radiation, allow for adequate ventilation and illumination (Su et al, 2016). When these factors are not adequately considered, much active energy would be used for air- conditioning, illumination, etc to attain a high level of comfort (thermal and visual) in buildings. There is however the need for the designers to minimize the use of active energy in public buildings. Abstract: Much of active energy used in the public buildings which are not climate responsive is to make the indoor spaces physiologically comfortable. Field survey and experimental approach were adopted to assess the level of comfort, utilization of building design variables {climate responsive design (CRD) parameters} and active energy consumption in selected public buildings in the six States of Southwestern Nigeria. Characteristics of the climate responsive design (CRD) parameters were discussed extensively. The mean satisfaction rating of utilization of passive design parameters was 2.72 on a 5 point Likert rating scale, implying users' low level of satisfaction with the design parameters. The mean active energy consumption to attain the required thermal and visual comfort was 6.89 kWh which is high compared to Givoni's recommendation of 5.50 kWh. The analysis of variance test showed that utilization of passive design parameters significantly influenced active energy consumption in the public buildings in all the states of Southwestern Nigeria (4.3 < F < 7.7, P < 0.05). The contribution of passive design parameters to variance in active energy consumption as measured by squaredsemi partial correlation was significant in all the states (0.45 < Sr2 < 0.75, p < 0.05) except in Ondo State (Sr2=0.17) and Lagos State (Sr2= 0.28). The study revealed that correlation existing among pairs of all the variables could explain why the level of active energy consumption varied from state to state and from one subsector to the other. Keywords: : Active Energy, Passive Energy, Climate Responsive Design (CRD) Parameters, Physiological Comfort, Building Fabrics *Corresponding Author: Lawal, Akinloye, Department of Project Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure. Ondo State. Nigeria.